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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibiiographiques 


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reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


0 


D 
D 

n 


n 


n 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagde 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
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Cover  title  missing/ 

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La  re  liure  serr^e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  1^ 
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mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  film^es. 

Additional  comments:/ 
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L'Institut  a  microfilmd  le  meilleur  exe  riplaire 
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une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquds  ci-dessous. 


I      I    Coloured  pages/ 


\/ 


D 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
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Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
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This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu6  ci-dessous 

10X 


C 


14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

SOX 

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16X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32X 

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Th«  copy  filmed  her*  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

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Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
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beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriat««.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


L'exemplaire  film*  fut  reproduit  grice  A  la 
gAnArosit*  de: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  Archives  of  British  ColunQbia 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  6tA  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetA  de  l'exemplaire  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  condition*  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimAe  sont  filmAs  en  commencant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
derniAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmis  en  commen9ant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derniAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  -^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
filmis  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diffArents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  6tre 
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de  Tangle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
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GREELY  RELIEF  EXPEDITIOIiT. 


■*-, 


RECEPTION 


■■'''■'  ■  "'     .   6v 


LIE 


IT.  A.  W.  GREELY,  U.  S.  A., 

■    ■'       ■    .  '        .     ■       ■■  -    .  ■•       ^  ''■   .■       *       ..  \-. 

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-     AND  HIS  COMRADES,  ^  ;  - 


AND  OF  THE 


.  rr- 


r      ARCTIC  RELIEF  EXPEDITION, 


AT 


PORTSMOUTH,  N.  H.,  ON  AUGUST  1  AND  4,  1884. 


Account  propaipd  at  the  request  of  the  Xavy  Department  by 
REV.  WM.  A.  McGINLEY,  ..; 

.      .    .  OF   POi.rSMOUTll. 


./ 


^  V      "   -    WASHINGTON:  '     _ 

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GREELY  RELIEF  EXPEDITION. 


a 


RECEPTION 


OF 


LIEUT.  A.  W.  GREELY,  U.  S.  A., 


AND  HIS  COMRADES, 


AND   OF   THE 


ARCTIC  RELIEF  EXPEDITION, 


AT 


PORTSMOUTH,  N.  H.,  ON  AUGUST  1  AND  4,  1884. 


Account  prepared  at  the  request  of  the  Navy  Department  by 
REV.  WM.  A.  McGINLEY, 

OK    rOUTSMOL'TII. 


v/^j^-'l 


4583 


WASHINGTON: 
governmj:nt  pkinting  office. 

1884. 


r\li--   I  .iiiija 


'Cf^O^j       X 


cv^iie  a, 


hv 


V 


(:v^  h 


THE  RECEPTION 

OF  THE 

GREELY  RELIEF  EXPEDITIOIST. 


It  Avas  decided   by  the  proi)er  authorities  that  the 
official  reception  of  Lieut.  A.  W.  Greely  and  the  sur- 
vivors of  his  expedition,  and  of  Commander  Schley  and 
his  command,  shouhl  occur  at  Portsmouth,  and  the  relief 
ships,  which  had  been  detained  for  a  few  days  in  the 
harbor  of  Saint  John's,  Newfoundland,  had  been  ordered 
to  sail  for  Portsmouth  harbor.    The  fleet  consisted  of 
the  Thet's,   Commander  Winlleld   Scott  Schley;    the 
Bear,  Lieut.  AVilliam  H.  Emory ;  and  the  Alert,  Com- 
mander George  W.  Coffin :  the  whole  under  the  com- 
mand of  Commander  Schley.     On  board  the  vessels 
were  Lieutenant  Greely  and  his  party,  with  the  bodies 
of  the  dead.     On  Friday  morning,  August  1 ,  the  vessels 
came  in  sight,  one  day  earlier  than  had  been  expected, 
and  they  were  met  off  Boone  Island  by  the  Alliance, 
of  the  North  Atlantic  squadron,  and  directed  to  enter 
the  harbor  at  1  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  time  fixed 
for  the  formal  naval  reception.    The  North  Atlantic 
squadron,  in  command   of  Rear-Admiral  Stephen  B. 
Luce,  lay  at  anchor  in  the  lower  harbor.    It  consisted 
of  the  flagship  Tennessee,  commanded  by  Capt.  Joseph 
N.  Miller;  Vaudalia,  Capt.  Rush  E.  Wallace;  Swatara, 
Commander  Gilbert  C.  Wiltse;    Yantic,  Commander 
Frank  Wildes,  and  Alliance,  Commander  Lewis  Clark, 


^mn^ 


i 


^^'ith  the  training  ships  Portsmonth  and  Jamestown,  in 
command  of  Commander  William  C.  Wise  and  Com- 
mander Charles  V.  Gridley.  To  these  at  12  o'clock  was 
added  the  Tallapoosa,  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
the  city  government  of  Portsmouth,  and  a  large  party 
of  naval  officers  and  friends,  on  board,  who,  with  the 
members  of  the  press,  brought  down  on  the  tug  Leydeu 
by  Collector  A.  F.  Howard,  were  transferred  to  the 
Hagship  Tennessee.  The  invited  guests  occupied  posi- 
tions on  the  quarter-deck,  and  the  reporters  on  the 
bridge.  The  day  was  fine  and  the  arrangements  com- 
plete. Although  the  reception  occurred  a  day  earlier 
than  w^r.s  expected,  the  news  had  spread  rajiidly  and 
thousands  lined  the  shores.  The  harbor,  brilliant  with 
Hags  and  pennants,  was  alive  with  every  craft  that 
floats,  from  a  marine  bicycle  to  a  man-of-war.  The  day, 
the  place,  the  preparations  which  had  been  made,  the 
great  assemblage  of  i)eople,  and  the  universal  enthusi- 
asm combined  to  make  a  reception  fitting  to  the  dignity 
of  the  occasion,  and  memorable  in  the  history  of  naval 
pageaTifiJ 

At  'lock  the  fleet,  led  by  the  Alliance,  steamed 
into  the  harbor,  the  Tuotis  followed  by  the  Bear  and  the 
Alert.  On  the  decks  of  the  relief  ships  stood  the  rem- 
nant of  the  rescued  and  the  gallant  baud  of  rescuers. 
At  a  signal  from  the  flagship,  the  crews  of  the  vessels  of 
the  squadron  swarmed  iu  the  rigging,  and  as  the  anchors 
dropped  cheer  after  cheer  was  given,  while  the  band  of 
the  Tennessee  played  "  Home  Again,"  and  the  shores 
were  white  with  waving  handkerchiefs.  The  Secretary's 
barge,  with  Mrs.  Greely  and  her  brothers,  Messrs.  G. 
O.  and  C.  A.  Nesmith,  on  board,  shot  out  from  the  side 
of  the  Tennessee,  and  reached  the  Thetis,  where  the 


first  meeting  took  place.  Later,  the  mother  of  Lieut. 
Greely  arrived  to  bring  her  greeting  to  her  son.  The 
officers  of  the  Arctic  fleet  were  soon  after  received  in  the 
cabin  of  the  Tennessee.  Commanders  Scliley  and  Cofiin, 
with  Lieut.  Emory,  were  the  first  to  arrive,  and  were 
received  with  a  warmth  that  was  more  than  official.  At 
4  o'clock  the  Secretary  of  the  Xavy,  Admiral  Luce,  and 
General  Hazen  were  rowed  to  the  Thetis  and  welcomed 
Greely  and  his  men  in  a  manner  without  any  well-es- 
tablished precedent  in  the  annals  of  the  Xavy.  They 
visited  all  the  ships,  the  Secretary  greeting  the  officers 
and  addressing  the  men,  who  were  drawn  up  in  line, 
with  such  words  of  commendation  as  hardy  sailors  like 
to  hear.  Lieut.  Greely  and  family  were  then  sent  in 
the  Admiral's  launch  to  the  navj^-yard ;  the  Tallapoosa, 
with  the  official  ])arties  on  board,  returned  to  her  berth 
in  the  inner  harbor,  and  a  naval  reception  creditable 
alike  to  those  who  gave  it,  to  those  who  were  so  fortu- 
nate as  to  receive  it,  and  to  the  country,  was  ended. 
Saturday  was  a  day  of  rest  and  congratulations,  and  on 
Sunday  the  pastors  of  the  various  churches  in  the  city 
made  appropriate  reference  to  the  occasion. 

THE   MUNICIPAL   RECEPTION. 

On  Monday,  August  4,  the  municipal  reception  took 
place.  The  deep  interest  felt  in  the  occasion  bj'  the 
citizens  of  Portsmouth  led  to  a  general  discussion  on  the 
l)art  of  prominent  citizens  concerning  the  proi^riet j' of  a 
recei)tion  by  the  city.  The  matter  was  agitated  in  the 
city  government  and  resulted  in  a  vote  for  a  recei)tiou, 
and  in  the  appointment  of  a  committee,  consisting  of 
Mayor  Treat,  with  Aldermen  Martin,  Sampson,  Caswell, 
and  Hackett,  to  consult  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy. 


6 


The  consultation  was  held  and  a  general  plan  was  out- 
lined. It  was  intended  to  be  an  occasion  on  which  the 
commonwealth  and  the  nation  should  unite  with  the 
city  of  Portsmouth  in  the  reception  of  her  distinguished 
guests,  and  that  it  should  consist  of  a  i)rocession  during 
ibe  day  and  a  meeting  with  addresses  in  the  evening.  At 
a  meeting  composed  of  members  of  the  city  government 
and  citizens  three  commiifees  were  appointed  to  mature 
and  carry  out  the  general  design,  as  follows  : 

Committee  on  Invitations:  John  H.  Brougliton,  chair- 
man ;  James  H.  Stcinwood,  secretary. 

Committee  on  Keception :  Wm.  H.  Sise,  chairman ; 
Samuel  Dodge,  secretary. 

Committee  on  Evening  Exercises :  Rev.  W.  A.  Mc- 
Ginley,  chairman;  Rev.  Henry  E.  Hovey,  secretary. 

Col.  Elbridge  G.  Pierce  was  chosen  chief  marshal  of 
the  day,  and  the  time  was  fixed  for  Monday,  August  4. 

With  the  cooperation  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy 
the  arrangements  progressed  rapidly  to  a  successful 
completion.  The  accidental  presence  of  the  North  At- 
lantic squadron,  the  training  ships,  and  the  school  ships 
from  Annapolis  in  the  harbor  placed  at  command  a 
greater  amount  of  material  for  such  an  occasion  than 
had  ever  been  at  one  time  in  this  port,  from  which  was 
furnished  the  most  imposing  part  of  the  display.  In- 
vitations were  given  to  the  mayor  and  aldermen  of  New- 
buryport,  and  arrangements  made  which  resulted  in  the 
programmes  which  r.re  inserted  in  their  proper  places. 

The  day  was  all  that  could  be  desired.  Many  public 
and  private  building  s  were  elegantly  decorated.  From 
ten  to  fifteen  thousand  strangers  from  far  and  near  were 
upon  the  streets.  The  route  of  the  procession  was 
about  three  miles  in  length.    The  number  in  line  was 


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over  two  thousand,  but  composed  of  so  many  separate 
companies,  detachments,  and  organizations  as  to  pre- 
sent a  much  more  imposing  appearance  than  the  num- 
bers would  indicate.  The  enthusiasm  of  the  multitude 
was  in  keeping  with  the  spirit  of  the  occasion.  The 
order  of  the  procession  was  as  follows  : 

PEOCESSION. 

City  Marshal,  mounted. 

Platoon  of  police. 

Chief  marshal,  Elbridge  G.  Pierce,  jr. 

George  E.  Hodgdon,  chief  of  stafi'. 

R.  Hamilton  Perkins,  John  Hatch,  J.  Dwight 

Rundlet,  C.  W.  Tracy,  G.  S.  U;  .ome,  aids. 

FIRST   DIVISION. 

Calvin  L.  Hayes,  marshal. 

Moses  D.  Moore,  Willard  Spinney,  aids. 

South  Berwick  Band. 

NAVAL  DIVISION. 

Comd'r  N.  H.  Farquhar  commanding. 
Lieut.  R.  T.  Jasper,  adjutant;  Lieut.  A.  C.  Dilling- 
ham, assistant  adjutant;  Lieut.  J.  C.  Cresap,  aid, 

Ensign  P.  E.  Culver,  aid ; 

Ensign  H.  S.  Knapp,  aid ;  Passed  Asst.  Surgeon 

Murray,  surgeon. 

BATTALION  NAVAL  CADETS. 

Ensign  Fullani  commanding. 
First  company  naval  cadets :  Cadet  Tawresey 

commanding. 


1 


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8 

Second  company  naval  cadets :  Cadet  McKay 

commanding. 
Third  company  naval  cadets :  Cadet  Jaynes 

commanding. 

BATTALION   U.   S.   MARINES. 

Lieut.  Col.  J.  L.  Broome  commanding. 
Pirst  company,  Captain  Pope,  commanding. 
Second  company,  Captain  Young,  commanding. 
Third  company,  First  Lieutenant  Goodrell,  command- 
ing. 
Fourth  company,  Lieutenant  Gnlick,  commanding. 
Fifth  comi)any,  Lieutenant  Reid,  commanding. 
Sixth  companj'^.  Lieutenant  Bates,  commanding. 

BATTALION  NAVAL  APPRENTICES. 

Lieutenant  Eemey  commanding. 
First  company.  Lieutenant  Comly,  commanding. 
Second  company.  Lieutenant  Ileilner,  commanding. 
Third  company,  Ensign  Sears,  commanding. 
Fourth  company,  Ensign  Constant,  commanding. 
Fifth  company.  Lieutenant  Nicholson,  commanding. 
Sixth  companj'.  Lieutenant  Hodgson,  commanding. 
Seventh  company.  Ensign  Blish,  commanding. 
Eighth  company.  Ensign  Maxwell,  commanding. 

NAVAL  BRIGADE,  N.  A.  FLEET. 

U.  S.  S.  Tennessee  Band. 
Lieut.  Com'r  B.  P.  Lambertou,  commanding 

brigade. 


9 


Lieut.  C.  E.  Colalian,  adjutaut;  Lieut.  R.  H.  McLean, 

aid. 
!N"aval  Cadet  lioger  Wells,  aid. 
P.  A.  Surgeon  R.  Asbbridge,  surgeon. 
Asst.  Paymaster  Carpenter,  quartermaster. 
Corps  of  Pioneers,  Ensign  Rose. 
Infantry  Battalion  :  Lieutenant  Rodgers  commanding. 
First  company.  Lieutenant  Kimoall,  commanding. 
Second  company.  Lieutenant  Collins,  commanding. 
Third  company,  Lieutenant  Downes,  commanding. 
Fourth  company,  Cadet  Ledbetter,  commanding. 
Fifth  company,  Lieutenant  Paine,  commanding. 
Sixth  company.  Lieutenant  Peters,  commanding. 
Seventh  company.  Lieutenant  Noel,  commanding. 
Eighth  company.  Ensign  Wall,  commanding. 
Ninth  company.  Ensign  Newton,  commanding. 
Tenth  company,  Lieutenant  Reynolds,  commanding. 

Artillery  Battalion :  Lieijt.  T.  T.  Wood. 
First  platoon,  Lieutenant  Wainwright,  commanding. 
Second  platoon,  Lieutenant  Sawyer,  commanding. 
Third  platoon.  Lieutenant  Wright,  commanding. 
Belknap  Rifles  (Co.  K,  3d  Regt.  N.  U.  N.  G.), 
Captain  Demerrit. 
Strafford  Guards  (Co.  A,  Lst  Regt.). 
Rollins  Rifles  (ad  Regt.). 
Laconia  Guards  (3(1  Regt.). 
Bell  Rifles  (Co.  D,  1st  Regt.). 


/ 


SECOND    DIVISION. 


Caleb  N.  Lord,  marshal.    George  II.  Sanderson,  aid. 

Portsmouth  Cavalry,  Capt.  John  S.  Perry. 

Carriages  containing 


X. 


i 


10 

Secretary  of  the  Navy ;  officers  of  the  Navy ;  Survivors 
of  the  Greely  Expedition  j  Officers  of  Relief 
Expedition ;  Governor  of  New  Hamp- 
shire and  Staff; 
Portsmouth  City  Government  and  invited 

guests. 

THIRD  ^DIVISION. 

Capt.  E.  D.  Coffin,  marshal. 
Michael  Crowley,  C.  H.  Waddam,  aids ; 
Salem  Brass  Band. 
DeWitt  Clinton  Commandery,  K.  T.,  S.  K.  A.  P.  Pres- 
ton. 
E.  C.  Carter's  Band,  (Boston). 
Newburyport  Commandery,  K.  T.,  J.  C.  Kimball,  acting 

commander. 


FOURTH  DIVISION. 

Capt.  James  E.  Ford,  marshal. 

H.  W.  Oxford,  E.  D.  Woods,  A.  S.  Gerrish,  aids. 

Portsmouth  Cornet  Band. 

Storer  Post,  No.  1,  G.  A.  R.,  S.  V.  C.  Charles  H.  Bes- 

selievre. 
Sawyer  Post,  No.  17,  Dover,  N.  H.,  B.  F.  Rackley. 
Parker  Post,  No.  1)9,  G.  A.  R.,  Kittery,  Me.,  Charles 

Chickering. 

H.  L.  Richards  Camp,  S.  V.,  Michael  Crowley,  captain. 

Portsmouth  Light  Artillery,  Col.  T.  E.  O.  Marvin. 

FIFTH  DIVISION. 

Herman  Manson,  marshal. 
Henry  Wendell,  Charles  Hayes,  aids. 


11 


iirv  Ivors 
lief 


?.  Pres- 


acting 


ids. 


r.  Bes- 


I'Hrles 

ptain. 
rin. 


Portsmouth  Fire  Departnient. 
Dover  Coruet  Band,  W.  D.  Taylor,  leader. 
Chief  engineer,  Willard  Sears. 
Assistant  engineers:  George  P.  Philbrick,  Herbert  A. 
Marden,  Wm.  H.  Deverson. 
James  L.  Parker,  clerk. 
Colonel  Sise,  S.  F.  E.,  Co.  No.  2,  J.  D.  Eandall,  fore- 
man. 
Kearsarge,  S.  F.  E.,  Co.  No.  3,  W.  J.  Sampson,  fore- 
man. 
M.  H.   Goodrich,  S.  F.  E.,  Co.  No.  4,  Charles  H.  Foote, 

foreman. 
Hook  &  Ladder,  Garibaldi  No.  1,  George  W.  Green,  fore- 
man. 

The  procession  was  formed  on  Congress  street.  The 
First  and  Second  Divisions  formed  on  the  south  side  of 
the  street,  right  resting  on  Pleasant  street.  The  Tliird, 
Fourth,  and  Fifth  Divisions  formed  on  the  north  side  of 
Congress  street.  The  line  of  march  was  from  Marl;et 
Square  through  Pleasant  to  State,  through  State  to 
Middle,  Middle  to  Court,  Court  to  Pleasant,  Pleasant 
to  Water,  Water  to  State,  State  to  Middle,  Middle  to 
Cass,  Cass  to  Islington,  Islington  back  to  Market 
Square.  Secretary  Chandler,  General  Hazen,  with 
Admirals  Wells  and  Luce,  occupied  the  first  carriage. 
This  was  followed  by  a  long  line  of  carriages,  containing 
Commander  Schley  and  the  oflflcers  of  the  Relief  Expe- 
dition, officers  from  tlie  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  Gov- 
ernor S.  W.  Hale,  of  New  Hampshire,  and  many  distin- 
guished civilians  and  strangers. 

About  one  o'clock  the  head  of  the  procession  ap- 
peared on  Market  Square,  where  a  large  stand  had  been 
erected,  to  which  the  survivors  were  conducted  by  Mr. 


?" 
"% 


ill  i 


12 

James  H.  Stan  wood,  secretary  of  the  committee  of 
reception.  Lieut.  A.  W.  Greely,  Sergeants  K.  L.  Brain- 
ard,  Julius  Fredericks,  and  Francis  Long,  Hospital 
Steward  Henry  Biederbeck,  and  Private  Maurice  Con- 
uell,  the  sole  survivors  of  the  expedition,  occupied  the 
central  places  on  the  first  row  of  seats.  Secretary 
Chandler,  Bear  Admirals  Clark  H.  Wells  and  Stephen 
B.  Luce,  with  Commander^  Schley  and  CofiBn,  and 
Lieutenant  Emorj',  at  this  point  came  upon  the  stage, 
where  were  also  seated  Governor  Hale  and  staff,  ex- 
Governors  Smith  and  Weston,  Congressman  Haynes, 
and  manj'^  other  prominent  gentlemen.  Among  the 
ladies  were  the  mother  and  wife  of  Lieutenant  Greely. 
The  square  was  a  solid  mass  of  human  being?.  The 
surrounding  windows  and  roofs  were  thronged  with 
eager  faces.  The  crowd  was  wild  with  enthusiasm. 
The  cheering  seenjed  to  well  up  from  an  inexhaustible 
fountain.  When  the  gallant  crews  of  the  relief  ships 
passed  in  the  procession,  the  men  they  had  rescued 
rose  and  stood  uncovered.  As  thus  the  rescued  and 
the  rescuers,  officers  and  men,  stood  face  to  face,  tears 
filled  many  eyes,  and  the  welkin  rang  with  the  shouts 
of  the  nniltitude.  The  line  melted  away  as  it  passed' 
the  stand,  and  the  most  splendid  spectacle  that  ever 
graced  the  city  or  State  faded  from  view,  and  became 
one  of  those  beautiful  memories  which  history  at  last 
takes  and  hangs  in  the  gallery  of  her  triumphs. 

EXERCISES  IN  MUSIC  HALL. 

The  programme  previously  arranged  for  the  occasion 
was  as  follows : 

The  meeting  will  be  called  to  order  by  Kev.  William 
A.  McGinley,  temporary  chairman. 


1 


imBMB 


13 


mittee  of 
L.  Brain. 
Hospital 
rice  Coii- 
ipied  the 
Secretary 
Stephen 
ffin,  and 
le  stage, 
Jtaff,  ex- 
Haynes, 
ong  the 
Greely. 
r^*.    The 
3(1   witli 
lusiasm. 
aiistible 
if  ships 
rescued 
ed  and 
,  tears 
shouts 
massed' 
tt  ever 
»ecame 
it  last 


iasion 


illiam 


Prayer  by  Kev.  Dr.  William  H.  Aklen. 

Opening  address  by  Eev.  William  A.  McGinley. 

Address  for  the  city  by  Hon.  John  S.  Treat,  mayor. 

Address  for  the  citizens,  by  Rev.  Henry  E.  Hovey. 

At  this  point  the  chair  will  betaken  by  Hon.  William 
E.  Chandler,  Secretary  of  the  Isavy,  as  permanent 
chairman. 

Address  of  welcome  in  behalf  of  the  State  of  IN^ew 
Hampshire,  by  Gov.  Samuel  W.  Hale. 

Address  in  behalf  of  the  House  Committee  on  Greely 
Eelief  Bill,  by  Hon.  Samuel  J.  liandall,  of  Pennsylvania. 

Address  in  behalf  of  the  Senate  Committee  on  Greely 
Belief  xiill,  by  Hon.  Eugene  Hale,  of  Maine. 

In  behalf  of  the  survivors  of  the  expedition  of  1881, 
by  Lieutenant  Greely  or  his  representative. 

In  behalf  of  the  relief  expedition,  by  Commander 
Schley,  commanding  the  expedition. 

The  presence  of  General  B.  F.  Butler,  of  Massachu- 
setts, and  ex-Secretary  of  the  Navy  George  M.  Robe- 
son, of  New  Jersey,  in  the  city,  occasioned  their  addition 
to  the  list  of  speakers. 

Music  Hall  was  filled  with  a  brilliant  assemblage. 
Seats  had  been  reserved  in  the  front  of  the  auditorium 
for  the  crew3  of  the  Arctic  fleet  and  the  officers  of  the 
North  Atlantic  squadron.  The  relief  crews  made  a  gal- 
lant appearance  and  were  received  with  a  round  of 
applause.  Upon  the  stage  sat  Secretary  Chandler,  Gen- 
eral Hazen,  Admirals  Wells  and  Luce,  Commanders 
Schley  and  Coffin,  Lieutenant  Emory,  Hon.  Samuel  J. 
Randall,  of  Pennsylvania  5  Hon.  Eugene  Hale,  of  Maine; 
ex-Secretary  Robeson,  of  New  Jersey  :  Hon.  W.  E.  Rob- 
inson, of  New  York;  General  B.  F.  Butler,  of  A/assa- 


• 


14 

chiisetts ;  Governor  Hale  and  staff,  of  New  Hampshire ; 
Mayor  Treat,  Hon.  Frank  Jones,  Eev.  Dr.  Alden,  Rev. 
Mr.  Hovey,  Rev.  Mr.  Gross,  E.  P.  Kimball,  John  S.  Rand, 
E.  G.  Pierce^  A.  F.  Howard,  W.  H.  Sise,  Sheriff  Kent, 
Alderman  Hackett,  C.  M.  Gignoux,  and  many  other 
prominent  citizens.  Lieutenant  Greely  and  the  rest  of 
the  survivors  were  so  much  wearied  with  the  exercises 
of  the  day,  that  in  their  weak  condition  the  surgeon  for- 
bade their  attendance,  to  the  great  regret  of  all. 

The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Rev.  W.  A.  Mc- 
Giuley.  Rev.  W.  H.  Alden,  D.  D.,  then,  at  the  request 
of  the  chairman,  led  the  assembly  in  a  prayer  eminently 
suitable  to  the  occasion. 

REV.  MR.  M'GINLEY. 

Rev.  Mr.  McGinley,  who  was  to  have  made  the 
opening  address,  then  said : 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  I  have  already  spoken  at  length 
in  my  pulpit  upon  the  general  subject,  the  lateness  of 
the  hour,  the  admirable  patience  of  tbe  audience  in  an 
unavoidable  delay,  and  that  there  are  several  distin- 
guished gentlemen  unexpectedly  present  with  us,  I  will 
omit  the  address  which  I  had  prepared,  and  at  once  in- 
troduce his  honor  Mayor  John  S.  Treat,  who  will  address 
you  on  behalf  of  the  city  government. 

MAYOR   TREAT. 

Mayor  Treat  spoke  as  follows : 

Mr.  President  and  Fellow  Citizens  :  It  devolves 
on  me,  and  I  have  the  pleasure  in  behalf  of  the  citizens  of 
Portsmouth,  to  extend  the  hospitality  of  the  city,  and 
a  cordial  and  hearty  w^elcome  to  Lieutenant  Greely  and 


-■If 


i 


inspshire ; 
den,  Kev. 
S.  Band, 
•iff  Kent, 
my  other 
le  rest  of 
exercises 
geon  for- 
II. 

T,  A.  Mc- 
B  request 
minently 


lade  the 

it  length 
eness  of 
ce  in  an 
distiii- 
s,  I  will 
once  in- 
address 


volves 
zens  of 
;y,  and 
ly  and 


15 

the  survivors  of  his  Arctic  expedition,  aid  also  to  the 
gallant  oflBcers  and  men  who  have  evinced  so  much  brav- 
ery and  skill  in  battling  with  the  elements,  and  who, 
under  Providence,  were  so  fortunate  as  to  have  their 
labors  crowned  with  success  in  rescuing  this  noble  band 
from  an  untimely  and  terrible  death  from  starvation. 
Our  citizens  in  common  with  those  of  the  whole  coun- 
try, and  I  might  say  the  civilized  world  (for  every  throb 
of  the  electric  cord  sends  its  light  of  joy  or  shade  of 
sadness  to  all  parts  of  the  world),  felt  a  keen  interest 
in  the  success  of  that  humane  and  noble  enterprise, 
which  had  for  its  object  the  relief  of  those  brave  men, 
who  years  before,  in  the  interest  of  science,  embarked 
in  the  perilous  enterprise  of  exploring  the  Arctic  seas, 
and  who,  if  alive,  must  be  in  a  state  of  great  i)eril  and 
suffering.  As  events  proved,  succor  did  not  find  them 
an  hour  too  soon,  and  for  the  want  of  that  timely  suc- 
cor all  would  have  soon  i)erished.  I  cannot  forbear  in 
this  connection  to  mention  to  his  credit,  and  it  is  with 
some  degree  of  State  pride  that  I  allude  to  the  fact, 
that  it  was  a  son  of  New  Hampshire  who  hastened  the 
departure  of  this  expedition  in  advance  of  the  common 
routine  of  "  red  tape."  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  the 
progress  of  few  naval  expeditions  has  been  watched 
with  more  solicitude  than  the  one  which  sailed  from 
New  York  in  the  early  summer  of  1884,  and  which  has 
just  arrived  at  this  port.  The  courage,  the  fortitude, 
and  skill  evinced  by  the  officers  and  men  of  this  expe- 
dition have  furnished  another  illustration  of  the  general 
truth  that  "  Peace  has  its  victories  no  less  renowned 
than  war." 

'  But  the  general  and  deep  interest  felt  throughout  the 
country  in  the  success  of  this  enterprise  forbids  that 


t  i 


i  i 


in 


Mi  i 


1  ; 


il! 

111 


16 

any  section  sbould  attempt  a  moTiopolj'  of  the  universal 
joy  which  thrilled  the  whole  country  when  on  the  17th 
of  July  the  telegraph  announced  that  the  relief  ship 
Thetis  had  arrived  at  the  port  of  Saint  John's,  New- 
foundland, and  that  Lieutenant  Greely  and  the  rem- 
nant of  his  Arctic  exploring  party  had  been  discovered 
and  rescued. 

It  was  a  joy  mingled  with  sadness  for  the  fate  of 
those  of  his  expedition  who  had  perished  in  the  Arctc 
regions,  and  who  will  never  more  return  to  friends  and 
home.  I  but  express  the  common  and  unanimous  feel- 
ing of  our  citizens  when  I  bid  you  alia  cordial  welcome 
to  the  hospitality  and  freedom  of  our  beloved  city. 
[Applause.] 

REV.  MR.   HOVEY. 

Kev.  Henry  E.  Hovey  was  then  introduced  on  be- 
half of  the  citizens  of  Portsmouth.  He  was  warmly 
received,  and  spoke  as  follows  : 

Mr.  President  ;  Lieutenant  Greely,  Commander 
Schley ;  Gentlemen  of  the  Kescuing  Expedition; 
Ladies  and  Gentlemen  :  I  gladly  accept  the  invita- 
tion of  the  committee  to  make  the  address  of  welcome 
to  those  brave  men,  on  behalf  of  the  citizens  of  Ports- 
mouth. His  honor  the  mayor  having  represented  the 
city  in  a  iruinicipal  capacity,  it  is  for  me  to  speak  for 
the  people  at  large — for  the  general  population — and  to 
tell  these  heroes  here  to-night  that  the  hearts  of  the 
assemblage  here  present,  and  the  hearts  of  many  times 
the  number  throughout  the  homes  of  our  fair  city,  go 
out  to  them,  antl  surround  them  and  inclose  them. 

We  modestly  suppose  that  Portsmouth  is  as  good  a 
place  as  any  in  the  country  to  appreciate  the  labors  and 


17 


universal 
1  the  17th 
elief  ship 
n's,  ^N'ew- 
the  reni- 
iscovered 

e  fate  of 
he  Arctc 
ends  and 
lous  feel- 
weleorae 
ved  city. 


d  on  be- 
warmly 

MANDER 
DITION; 

invita- 
svelcome 

Ports- 
ted  the 
)eak  for 
—and  to 

of  the 
y  times 
Bity,  go 
n. 

good  a 
)rs  and 


self-denials  of  explorers.  The  same  Jidmirable  spirit 
which  was  in  Lieutenant  Greely,  led  Martin  Pring  in 
1003  to  penetrate  our  LMscataqua  River.  He  liad  been 
sent  to  ex[)lore  the  coast  of  Virginia,  but  a  restless  en- 
terprise sent  him  silso  further  North.  It  was  tiie  same 
indomitable  ])luck  again  a  few  years  later  which  brought 
Mons.  Champ'.ain  to  yonder  Odiorne's  Point,  and  Cap- 
tain Jolin  Smith  to  tiie  Isles  of  Slioals  and  our  own 
Strawberry  Bank,  or  led  Fernando  Gorges  and  John 
]Mason  in  1031  to  extend  the  beneiits  of  civilization  to 
this  then  far  northern  shore.  All  these  exploits  are  a 
part  of  our  history,  and  all  along  from  those  early  diiys 
to  the  present,  we  have  had  (I  suppose)  our  full  share 
of  men  who  have  done  their  i)art  well,  in  the  achieve- 
ments of  geogra[)hical  research  and  the  various  heroic 
deeds  of  those  who  go  down  to  the  sea  in  ships. 

Such,  Lieutenant  Greely  and  gentlemen,  having  been 
the  character  of  our  past  history,  you  may  well  believe 
that  it  is  with  the  greatest  pride  .'ind  pleasure  that  we 
stretch  out  our  hands  and  our  hearts  to  you  to-night, 
coming  hither  from  your  achievements  in  the  far  north. 
Naturally  interested  in  .you  and  your  work,  we  have  fol- 
lowed your  career  even  from  the  first.  We  watched 
you  afar  off  in  l.^^Sl,  when  you  set  sail  for  those  dread 
regions  of  theNorth  Polej  we  waited  with  what  patience 
we  could  through  the  long  years  for  some  news  of  you  ; 
and  when  that  news  came  the  other  day  there  was 
through  our  streets  the  mingled  sense  of  grief  at  the 
fate  of  the  departed,  of  joy  at  the  safety  of  the  living, 
and  of  thanksgiving  to  Almighty  God  foi  the  wonder- 
ful, providential  leading  by  which  He  directed  the  res- 
cuing fleet  straight  to  the  spot  where  you  lay  in  suft'er- 
4583- 


<> 


li! 


■ 


IS 

in^,  and  at  so  criti(*al  a  inoiiKMit  for  tlie  preservation  of 
your  lives;  an<l  it  adds  to  our  i)ride  and  joy  to  know 
that  ia  that  same  resciiiii'»'  party  were  two  of  our  Ports- 
mouth boys. 

Aj»aiii,  };entkMuen,  our  eitizens  here  welcome  you  to 
your  native  shores.  We  claim  to  be  your  kinsfolk,  and 
congratulate  ourselves  on  the  fact.  We  rejoice  that 
American  manhood  has  once  more  shown  itself  to  be  true 
and  staunch  and  good,  and  that  in  your  hands  it  has  seen 
the  American  flag  i)lanted  nearer  the  North  Pole  than 
any  other.  Coming  fresh  from  such  an  achievement, 
you  may  well  exi)ect  ovations  wherever  you  may  go.  lint 
however  maguiflcent  they  nmy  be,  however  splendid  in 
their  appointments,  however  impressive  in  their  circum- 
stances, be  sure  that  none  can  convey  to  you  a  welcome 
more  truly  from  the  heart,  than  this  first  one  as  you 
place  your  feet  upon  American  soil,  extended  to  you  by 
the  citizens  of  Portsmouth.     [Api)lause.] 

REV.   MR.  M'GINLEY. 

Rev.  Mr.  McGinley  then  said: 

Having  been  called  to  the  chair  during  our  city's 
greeting  to  our  distinguished  guests,  my  task  is  done. 
I  have  now  the  honor  of  introducing,  as  pernument 
chairman  of  the  evening,  one  who  may  fitly  preside  over 
an  occasion  which  he  did  so  much  to  bring  about;  who 
seemed  to  hear  the  cry  of  dying  men  come  down  from 
the  polar  night,  and  in  the  face  of  all  obstacles  throvrn 
in  his  i)ath,  with  haste  and  thoroughness  equipped  an 
expedition  for  their  rescue  which,  crowned  with  success, 
has  won  for  him  the  applause  and  gratitude  of  the  na- 
tion: Hon.  W.  E.  Chandler,  Secretary  of  the  Navy. 


uWa>« 


rvatioii  of 
'  to  know 
ur  Ports- 
lie  .voii  to 
sfolk,  and 
oice  that 
to  be  true 
t  lias  seen 
Pole  than 
evenient, 
r  go.  JUit 
leudid  in 
ir  circuin- 
,  welcome 
le  as  you 
to  you  by 


ur  city's 

is  done. 

rnianent 

ide  over 

ut;  who 

wii  from 

\  thrown 

[iped  an 

success, 

the  ua- 

■avy. 


I 


19 


SECRET AH Y   (HANDLER. 

SeiMetary  Chandler  was  received  with  so  much  ap- 
plause as  to  render  it  ditticult  for  hint  to  proceed.  With 
frequent  interruptions  of  applause  he  spoke  as  follows: 

Mr.  Chairman:  In  August,  1881,  a  United  States 
vsi<;!ial  station  for  Arctic  observation  and  exploiation 
was  established  at  Lady  Fraidvlin  Bay  in  (rrinnell  Land 
by  a  party  carried  and  left  there  by  the  steam -sealer 
Troteus,  composed  of  Lieut.  A.  AV.  Greely,  of  the  Fifth 
United  States  Cavalry  ;  Lieut.  Frederick  F.  Kisliny- 
bury,  of  the  Eleventh  infantry;  Lieut.  James  B.  Lock- 
wood,  of  the  Twenty-third  Infantry  ;  Acting  Assistant 
8urgeon  Octave  Pavy,  and  twenty-one  noncommis- 
sioned  officers  and  privates  of  the  command,  including 
two  Eskimo. 

It  was  jnonnsed  by  the  (iovernment  that  a  vessel 
should  visit  the  station  during  the  summer  of  1882,  and 
that,  if  she  failed  to  reach  it,  a  relief  ship  should  again 
be  sent  in  1883. 

The  instructions  of  the  Chief  Signal  Officer,  dated 
June  17, 1881,  directed  Lieutenant  Greely,  if  not  visited 
in  1882,  to  "abandon  his  station  not  later  than  Septem- 
ber 1,  1883,"  an<l  to  '-retieat  southward  by  boat,  fol- 
lowing closely  the  east  coast  of  Grinnell  Land,  until  the 
relieving  vessel  is  met  or  Littleton  Island  is  reached." 

A  letter  from  Lieutenant  Greely,  written  August  17, 
1881,  and  brought  by  the  Proteus  from  Lady  Franklin 
Bay,  si)ecilied  the  depots  of  supplies  which  he  wished 
the  relief  shi])s  to  attempt  to  make,  and  stated  that  the 
relief  party  of  1883  "should  then  proceed  to  establish 
a  winter  station  at  Polaris  winter  quarters.  Life  Boat 
Cove  (at  Littleton  Island),  where  their  main  duty  would 


;.* 


-J-,- 

'-'■•M 

■  M 

■  W 


20 


111 


in 


i" 


I  iiii 


lU! 


be  to  keep  tlieir  telescopes  on  Cape  Sjibiiie  i\iu\  the 
laud  to  the  iiorthwaid." 

Between  Jnly  28  and  Sei)teniber  1*,  1S82,  the  .sK'aiiier 
Nei)tune,  under  Mr.  William  M.  Beebe,  Jr.,  of  the  Sijinal 
Service,  j)roceededinto  Smith's  Hound,  but  the  ice  tailed 
tosuHlcientl.yopen  into  Kennedy  (channel,  and  the  vessel 
returned,  having;"  left  a  few  provisions  at  Cape  Sabine 
and  Tittleton  Island. 

In  188.'J  the  Proteus  was  again  employed  by  the  Chief 
Signal  Otlicer  for  the  voyage  to  Lady  Franklin  Bay,  and 
placed  in  charge  of  Lieut.  E.  A.  Garlington,  of  the 
Seventh  United  States  Cavalry,  and  the  steamer  Yan- 
tic,  of  the  United  States  Navy,  commanded  by  Com- 
mander Frank  Wildes,  was  detailed  as  a  tender  to  ac- 
company the  Proteus  as  far  as  Littleton  Lsland. 

Lieutenant  Garlington  was  informed,  by  letter  of  the 
Chief  Signal  OfHoer  of  Ji  ^  4,  1883,  of  the  extreme 
peril  of  Lieutenant  Greely  .nd  his  party,  was  enjoined 
to  s[)are  no  effort  to  i)ush  his  vessel  through  to  Lady 
Franklin  Bay,  and  was  also  instructed  as  follows: 

If  it  should  becointi  clearly  ajjparent  that  the  vessel  eaniiot  be 
])nHlie«l  throufili,  you  will  retreat  from  your  advanced  position  and 
land  your  party  and  stores  at  or  near  Lit'c^  lioat  Cove  [at  Littleton 
Island"!,  discharge  tlie  relief  vessel  with  orders  to  return  to  Saint 
John's,  Newfoundland,  and  prepare  for  remaining  with  your  party 
until  relieved  next  year. 

Lieutenant  Garlington  was  further  instructed,  as  soon 
as  possible,  from  this  station  at  Littleton  Island,  to  en- 
deavor to  communicate  with  Lieutenant  Greely  by  sledge 
parties ;  the  men  not  so  employed  to  lose  no  time  in  pre- 
paring a  house  for  the  whole  party  and  in  securing  the 
stores  preparatory  to  the  arrival  of  Lieutenant  Greely. 

The  Proteus  and  Yautic  were  together  at  Saint  John's 


21 


e  siiul  the 

le    NtrUllUT 

the  Signal 

e  ice  til i led 

the  vessel 

pe  Sabine 

•  the  (Jhief 
1  ijay,  and 
on,  of  the 
timer  Yau- 
by  Coni- 
ider  to  ac- 
id. 

tter  of  the 
e  extreme 
s  enjoined 
h  to  Lady 
lows: 

1  cannot  be 
[)08itiou  and 
at  Littleton 
irn  to  Saint 
your  party 

d,  as  soon 
nd,  to  en- 
by  sledge 
[ne  in  pre- 
uring  the 
it  Greely. 
int  John's 


on  flune  L*7,  ;Mid  an  jijjieement  \\;is  ina<le  between  Lien- 
tenant  (larlin^^ton  and  Conimainh'r  Wildes  ('(Mitemplat- 
ing  their  sejuiration  until  Angnst  2;"),  but  that  the  Yantic 
sho.ihl  go  to  Littleton  Isljind,  which  should  be  the  ''head- 
qnaiters,"  and  slionld  not  leave  there  before  that  day. 
Tlu^  IMotcMis  iirecedcd  the  Yuntic  to  Disco  Lsland,  but 
the  Vanti(;  rejoined  her,  and  they  were  together  there 
from  .Inly  12  to  July  15,  sit  which  latter  «hite  the  Proteus 
once  more  left  her  tender,  whi(;h,  after  waiting  until  the 
2(lth,  again  sailed  northward. 

liistea<l  of  ])roceeding  directly  in  the  trac^k  of  the 
I*rotens,  however,  she  <li verged  to  lTi>eriiavik;  was  de- 
tained there  1)3'  fogs  from  .Inly  27  to  31,  when  she  sailed, 
and  was  easily  able  to  reach  Littleton  Island  August  3, 
She  there  found,  from  nn^ords  left,  that  the  Proteus,  on 
July  23,  had  been  crushed  in  the  ice  and  had  sunk  just 
north  of  Cape  Sabine;  that  Lieutenant  Garlington  and 
his  whole  party  had  crossed  to  Littleton  Island,  and  on 
July  28  had  gone  south,  along  the  (Ireenland  coast,  in 
open  boats.  The  Yantic  thereupon  turned  southward, 
searching  the  coast  to  Cape  York,  and  tinding  no  traces 
of  the  Proteus  people,  went  on  to  Upernavik,  reaching 
there  August  12.  She  left  this  place  August  22  and 
reached  Disco  Island  August  2<S,  where  she  was  over- 
taken August  31  by  Lieut.  .1.  C.  Colwell,  of  the  United 
States  Navy,  who  had  left  at  Cape  York  the  Proteus 
party,  to  which  he  had  been  attached,  and  had  reached 
Upernavik  in  an  open  boat  August  23,  and  had  on  the 
same  day,  in  a  similar  boat,  kept  U])  the  pursuit  of  the 
Yantic.  The  Yantic  then  returned  to  Upernavik,  found 
that  the  whole  Proteus  party  had  saved  themselves  and 
arrived,  took  them  on  l)oard,  and  reached  Saint  .lohn's 
on  Sei^tember  12. 


22 


: " ;, 


^  0 


With  the  exception  tliat  it  left  a  few  rations  and  some 
clothinf,^  at  Cape  Sabine,  tl»e  expedition  of  1883  as  well 
as  that  of  1882  was  a  failure.  No  attempt  was  made  by 
either  Lieutenant  Garjington  or  Commander  Wildes  to 
establish  a  relief  party  at  Littleton  Island,  for  which 
point  Lieutenant  (Ireely  was  under  orders  to  start  not 
later  than  September  1. 

The  Army  Court  of  Inquiry,  under  date  of  Jauuary 
15,  1884,  reported : 

Jt  may  here  be  Htated  roiiglily  that,  from  July,  188'2,  to  August, 
1883,  not  lens  ihan  50,000  ration.s  were  taken  in  the  steamers  Nep- 
tune, Yantic,  and  Proteus  up  to  or  heyond  Littleton  Ishmd,  and 
oftliat  number  only  about  1,000  were  Uift  in  that  vicinity,  the  re- 
main(h*r  being  returned  to  the  United  States  or  sunk  witii  the^ 
]M'<)teu8. 

The  desperate  condition  in  which  Lieutenant  Greely 
had  thus  been  left,  led  to  careful  and  z(»alous  prei)ara- 
tion  foi-  the  relief  expedition  of  1884.  A  Board  of  Army 
and  Navy  otlicers  recommended  that  it  should  be  solely 
a  naval  enterprise,  and  suggested  the  method  of  organ- 
izing- it.  Congress  was  asked  to  grant  to  the  President 
unlimited  approi)riations  for  fitting  it  out.  The  Plouse 
Committee,  of  which  Flon.  Samuel  J.  Kandall  was  chair- 
man, rei)orted  in  favor  of  such  api)roi)riations,  and  Mr. 
Kandall  was  energetic  in  urging  forward  the  passage  of 
the  bill,  and  persistent  in  opposing  any  restrictions  or 
limitations  ui)on  the  power  of  the  President;  while  Sena- 
tor Hale  of  the  Senate  committee  took  successful  (charge 
of  the  measure  in  that  body  and  most  judiciously  and 
indefatigably  conducted  it  to  a  passage. 

The  steam-sealer  Thetis  was  ptirchased  in  London 
by  the  United  States  minister,  Mr  Lowell,  aided  by 
Lieut.  Commander  French  E.  Chadwi<;k,  of  the  United 


^Mk 
^^H^ 


2:] 


« tiixl  some 
)8;i  as  well 
s  made  by 
Wildes  to 
for  which 
start  not 

f  January 

J,  to  An<»ii.st, 
oaiiiers  Nej)- 
Islaiul,  and 
iiity,  the  re- 
iik  with  the 

lit  Greely 
?  prepara- 
:1  of  Army 
1  be  solely 
[  of  or^an- 
President 
Dhe  PI 0 use 
was  chair- 
s,  and  Mr. 
3assa^e  of 
rictions  or 
hile  Sena- 
ful  (iliarge 
ously  and 

n  London 
aided  by 
lie  United 


States  Navy,  an  attache  of  the  legation;  the  Bear  was 
bought  at  Sai»'t  John's  by  the  TJuited  States  consul, 
Thomas  N.  Molloy,  esq.,  who  has  been  unremitting  in 
his  labors  in  behalf  of  all  the  ex])editions;  the  Alert 
was  thoughtfully  and  generously  donated  by  the  British 
Government;  and  all  were  fitted  and  equipped  for  con- 
flict with  the  ice  and  for  a  three  years'  stay  if  necessary, 
in  the  Arctic  regions.  The  President  took  a  lively  in- 
terest in  the  work  of  preparation  and  in  the  selection 
of  officers  for  the  duty.  The  Secretary  of  War  gave 
time  and  labor  and  shared  the  responsibilities  of  the 
enter])rise.  The  chiefs  of  the  Bureaus  of  the  Navy  De- 
partment gave  ])ersonal  attention  to  all  details;  and  the 
shii)S  sailed  on  the  appointed  days  under  the  comnnind 
of  as  efficient  and  brave  naval  officers  as  any  country 
can  claim — (Jommander  Winfield  Scott  Schley,  Com- 
mander (ieorge  W.  Cortin,  and  Lieut.  William  H.  Emory. 

The  details  of  the  rescue  are  too  fresh  in  all  minds 
to  need  repetition.  The  three  relief  vessels  and  the 
coaling  steamer  Loch  Garry  boldly  entered  upon  the 
navigation  of  Davis  Straits,  and  pushed  across  Mel- 
ville Bay.  The  commanders  of  the  Thetis  and  the  Bear, 
watching  their  op[)ortunities  with  antiring  care,  coolly 
and  courageously  thrust  their  ships  into  the  ice  and 
reached  L;<tleton  Lsland  on  the  22d  of  June,  a  fortnight 
earlier  than  any  vessel  had  attained  that  point  before. 
Finding  there  no  record  of  the  unfortunate  explorers, 
on  the  same  day  they  pressed  over  to  Cape  Sabine. 

Their  haste  was  necessary.  Lieutenant  Greely  and 
his  party  had  left  Lady  Franklin  Bay  on  the  9th  of 
August,  ten  months  before,  and  after  pushing  on  in 
boats,  and  ilrifting  on  ice-floes,  vainly  looking  for  help 
from  the  relief  party  which  should  have  been  at  Little- 


24 

ton  Island,  "  keepinjz  its  telescopes  on  Cape  Sabine  and 
the  land  to  the  northward,"  they  had  fixed  their  winter 
quarters  at  the  latter  point.  The  provisions  at  Cape 
Sabine  and  Cape  Isabella  had  lasted  them  until  March? 
when  they  hoped  to  cross  to  Littleton  Island  and  ob- 
tain the  two  hundred  and  fifty  rations  left  there  by  the 
Neptune.  But  during  all  this  time  the  ice  of  the  en- 
trance to  Smith's  Sound  never  closed,  while  the  boats 
were  lost  or  consumed  for  fuel,  and  meantime  starva- 
tion and  cold  did  their  deadly  work.  One  by  one  the 
feeble  sufferers  died,  until  only  seven  remained,  and 
these  had  but  a  few  hours  to  live.  But  help  was  now 
near  at  hand.  On  the  evening  of  the  22d  of  June,  whe»» 
their  fate  seemed  hopeless,  the  shrill  whistle  of  tue 
Thetis,  the  signal  of  rescue,  was  heard  above  the  winds 
and  waves.  A  relief  i)arty  hurried  forward  and  fouml 
them.  Careful  and  tender  hands  bore  them  gently  off. 
The  ships  turned  their  heads  homeward,  and  on  the 
17th  of  July  the  American  i)eople,  the  whole  civilized 
world,  rejoiced  at  the  telegraphic  announcement  that 
Lieutenant  Greely  had  been  found  and  saved. 

To  the  rescuers  and  the  rescued  of  this  expedition  of 
1884  the  recei)tions  of  Fri.lay  and  of  today  have  been 
most  fitly  given,  and  we  are  here  assembled  to  do  them 
honor. 

But  our  first  duty  is  to  i)ay  our  tribute  of  praise  and 
of  mourning  to  those  devoted  men  who,  having  com- 
pleted their  two  years  of  fruitful  labor,  came  south war<l 
to  Cape  Sabine,  and  after  months  of  suffering  and  star- 
vation, borne  with  heroic  fortitude  and  patience,  per- 
ished as  truly  on  the  field  of  duty  as  if  they  had  met 
their  fate  at  the  cannon's  mouth. 

Lieutenant  Lockwood  died  April  9,  .Jeutenant  Kh 


iihiue  and 
lieir  winter 
ps  at  Capo 
til  March, 
Id  and  ob- 
ere  by  the 
i'  the  en- 
the  boats 
|iie  starva- 
>.v  one  the 
Jioed,  and 
>  was  now 
une,  wlie»> 
tie  of  the 
the  winds 
and  fonnd 
gently  off. 
i(i  on  the 
e  civilized 
ment  that 

• 

►edition  of 
lave  been 
)  do  them 

•raise  and 
ing  coin- 
3uthwar<] 
and  star- 
>nce,  per- 
had  met 

lant  Kh 


26 

lingbury  June  1,  and  Doctor  i*dvy  June  0.  Tiie  reinnins 
of  George  W.  Rice,  Nicholas  Snlor,  Jacob  Bender, 
Doctor  Pavy,  and  Hampton  S.  Gardner  were  buried  in 
the  icefoot  and  were  swept  away  into  the  great  deep. 
The  Eskimo,  Jens  Edward,  was  drowned  while  sealing, 
and  Frederic  Thorley  Christiansen  was  buried  at  Disco. 
The  bodies  of  Lock  wood  and  Kislingbury,  of  Edward 
Israel,  Winfield  S.  Jewell,  David  C.  Ralston,  William 
H.  Cross,  David  Linn,  Charles  B.  Henry,  William 
Whisler,  William  A.  Ellis,  R.  R.  Schneider,  and  also  of 
Joseph  Elison  who  died  alter  being  rescued,  we  now 
have  with  us,  saved  for  the  sacred  rites  of  burial  at 
home. 

The  ])eople  of  the  United  States  look  back  upon  their 
record  with  a  Just  though  mournful  {)ride,  and  wherever 
throughout  the  world  the  story  of  their  heroic  en- 
deavor and  sutt'ering  is  told,  the  memory  of  these  mar- 
tyrs to  duty  will  forever  be  cherished  and  held  in 
honor. 

With  special  tenderness  we  turn  to  Lieutenant  Greely 
and  his  rescued  comrades.  Sergeant  David  L.  Brainard, 
Sergeant  Julius  Fredericks,  Sergeant  Francis  Long, 
Steward  Henry  Biederbeck,  and  Private  Maurice  Cou- 
uell.  Thev  are  the  only  survivors  of  an  American 
Arctic  exi)loration  party  which  reached  out  further  to- 
ward the  pole  than  any  previous  explorers,  and  whose 
observations  were  extended  into  the  Polar  Ocean. 
Their  coast  and  land  journeys  were  extensive,  and 
have  mapped  out  with  incueased  exactness  the  shore 
line  of  Greetdand  and  the  interior  of  Grinnell  Land. 
Their  scientitic  observations — made  at  fearful  cost — 
have  resulted  in  valuable  additions  to  our  knowledge 
of  the  lands  within  the  Arctic  circle.     For  their  labors 


niiii 


2(> 


and  tbeir  endurance  we  honor  tlieni,  for  their  antt'erings 
we  give  them  onr  pity  and  sympathy,  and  to  comfort, 
cheer,  and  encourage  them  we  promise  them  the  grati- 
tude of  their  Government  and*  their  countrymen,  as  the 
sole  survivors  of  a  polar  expedition  which  will  always 
illustrate  American  enterprise  and  American  heroism. 

It  is  with  a  feeling  of  peculiar  pride  and  satisfaction 
that  I  fulfill  the  welcome  duty  of  commending  and  con- 
gratulating the  officers  and  men  of  the  relief  expedition 
upon  the  brilliant  success  of  their  efforts.  It  was  early 
decided  that  the  force  should  be  wholly  naval,  and  the 
result  showed  the  wisdom  of  the  decision.  The  arduous 
responsibility  could  have  fallen  into  no  better  hands. 
Every  officer  and  man,  from  his  first  connection  with 
the  undertaking,  has  given  it  his  best  and  most  untiring 
effort.  The  preparations  were  carried  out  with  zeal  and 
promptness,  and  each  ship  was  ready  at  the  fixed  hour 
of  departure.  In  the  perilous  advance  from  Upernavik, 
with  incessant  vigilance  and  unwearied  exertion,  every 
lead  was  followed,  every  circumstance  was  utilized  that 
could  speed  the  ships  forward  on  their  way;  nor  could 
more  have  been  done  had  the  relief  officers  known  what 
all  now  know,  that  every  hour  of  delay  was  thinning 
the  weakened  band  of  survivors. 

To  the  energetic  commanding  officer  of  the  expedition. 
Commander  Schley,  of  tne  Thetis,  and  to  Lieutenant 
Emory,  the  efficient  commander  of  the  Bear,  who  share 
the  credit  of  conducting  their  difficult  and  dangerous 
enterprise  to  a  successful  close,  the  Navy  Department 
gives  its  warmest  and  most  earnest  thanks,  and  their 
brother  officers  throughout  the  service  join  in  heartfelt 
greeting  to  those  for  whom  a  new  chai)ter  must  be  writ- 
ten in  the  long  and  noble  record  of  naval  achievement. 


mmm 


1'  sufferings 
to  comfort, 
1  the  grati- 
^'en,  as  the 
^ill  always 
ti  Iieroism. 
ttisfactioii 
?an(l  coii- 
'^pedition 
Was  early 
)  and  the 
e  arduous 
er  hands, 
ion  with 
untiring- 
zeal  and 
fed  hour 
ernavik, 
",  every 
:ed  that 
t>r  could 
v^n  what 
tiinning 

Hlition, 
'tenant 
>  share 
grerous 
"tineut 
1  their 
artfelt 
3  writ- 
ment. 


27 

!Nor  must  a  due  share  ofi)raise  be  omitted  to  Commander 
Cottin,  of  the  Alert,  to  whom  was  intrusted  the  charge 
of  the  reserve,  and  who  ])erformed  his  duty  with  fidelity 
and  skill.  To  each  and  all  of  you,  officers  and  men  of 
the  expedition,  your  country  extends  a  cordial  welcome 
upon  your  safe  return.  The  dangers  you  encountered 
and  the  success  you  accomplished  in  bringing  succor  to 
your  countrymen  and  comrades  of  the  Ai  my,  perishing 
one  by  one  upon  the  Arctic  shores,  have  aroused  a 
glow  of  pride  and  satisfaction  in  the  breast  of  every 
American,  and  the  nation  will  always  dwell  with  fond 
remembrance  upon  those  who  shared  in  the  danger  and 
the  crowning  success  of  the  Greely  Relief  p]xpedition 
of  1884.     [Applause.] 

►Secretary-  Chandler,  after  the  applause  had  subsided, 
introduced  Governor  Hale,  in  the  following  words  : 

Not  only  the  city  of  Portsmouth,  but  as  well  the  State  * 
of  New  Hampshire,  rejoices  to  welcome  within  iier  bor- 
ders the  returning  Arctic  heroes.     As  a  citizen  of  the 
State  it  gives  me  additional  i)leasure  to  introduce  to 
you  our  governor,  Samuel  W.  Hale. 

aoVEllNOK   HALE. 

Governor  Hale  was  heartily  received,  and  si>oke  as 
follows : 

Mr.  President,  Heroes  of  the  Greely  Expedi- 
tion, Ladies  and  Gentlemen:  It  is  my  privilege  to 
be  here  to-night,  in  response  to  the  invitation  of  the 
citizens  of  Portsmouth,  to  utter  a  few  words  of  welcome 
to  the  honored  survivois  of  the  Greely  Expedition.  The 
most  eloquent  words  which  can  be  uttered  are  iiuide- 
quate  to  this  occasion,  and  surely  any  welcome  which  I 


28 


can  extend  will  but  poorly  testify  the  interest  of  the 
people  of  this  State  and  the  nation  in  those  who  have 
so  bravely  accomplished  this  rescue,  and  our  joy  over 
the  return  of  those  who  have  come  back  to  us  from  the 
icy  grave  of  the  Arctic  regions. 

There  are  moments  in  the  lives  of  nations,  as  in  those  of 
individuals,  when  the  circumstances  are  so  thrilling  and 
joyous,  and  yet  so  serious  and  sad,  that  we  scarcely  know 
what  sentiment  is  most  befitting  our  emotions.  This  is 
such  an  occasion.  For  three  long  years  the  i)eo])le  of 
this  country  have  watched,  much  of  the  time  with  the 
greatest  anxiety  and  apprehension,  the  fortnnes  of  the 
Lady  Franklin  Bay  Expedition.  In  the  summer  of  1881 
it  was  sent  out  tb  man  one  of  the  stations  which  the 
leading  governments  of  the  world  had  agreed  to  main- 
tain in  the  Arctic  zone  for  the  purpose  of  scientific  ob- 
servations and  research. 

In  all  the  history  of  Arctic  explorations  there  has 
never  been  an  expedition  which  went  forth  with  better 
equipment,  higher  aims,  nobler  men,  and  greater  expec- 
tations of  success.  They  penetrated  far  into  that  icy 
clime  and  patiently  began  their  work,  and  we  at  home 
thought  of  them  as  almost  in  another  world.  When  an 
attempt  was  made  in  1882  to  reach  them  with  supplies 
and  failed,  all  were  anxious  and  sonie  feared  the  worst. 
And,  when  again,  last  year,  the  ice  conspired  with  other 
circumstances  and  the  relief  exjjedition  was  nnfortuuate, 
we  knew  that  our  countrymen  were  slowly  starving  to 
death.  There  has,  perhai)s,  never  been  known  such  a 
wide-spread  and  sympathetic  interest  in  a  small  band  of 
men  as  has  been  developed  in  this  anxious  interval  for 
the  members  of  the  Greely  party.  England  sent  her 
princely  gift,  the  steamship  Alert,  to  aid  in  the  rescue, 


h'«t  of  the 
wlio  Jiave 
!»•  joy  oxer 
«  from  the 

i»  those  of 
illingand 
cely  know 
This  is 
l)eoi)le  of 
'  with  the 
't^s  of  the 
er  of  1881 
vhich  the 
I  to  inaiu- 
?ntific  ob- 


liere  has 
til  better 
er  exj)ec- 
that  icy 
at  home 
^lieu  ail 
snpphes 
•e  worst, 
ith  other 
Ttiiuate, 
rving  to 
1  such  a 
band  of 
rval  for 
ent  her 
rescue, 


25) 


which  was  so  wisely  i)la«ne(l  and  energetically  executed 
bj'  the  naval  and  military  bureaus  of  this  country,  to 
the  heads  of  which  is  d|ie  much  of  the  honor  of  the  suc- 
cess in  which  we  rejoice  to-night.  Remembering  these 
circumstances,  and  knowing  that  the  universal  feeling 
in  the  hearts  of  the  people,  after  so  long  and  anxious 
awaiting  to  learn  the  tinal  issue  of  the  ill-fated  expedi- 
tion, is  one  of  thankful  joy,  1  am  dee^)ly  moved  to  look 
to-night  upon  the  fulfillment  of  our  hopes,  and  yet,  to 
think  of  the  sutterings  through  which  it  has  come  and 
the  lives  it  has  cost.  We  have  passed  through  the  Arctic 
night  of  our  waiting  and  have  come  into  the  brightness 
of  the  day. 

Survivors  of  the  Greely  Expedition,  I  bid  you  welcome. 
In  behalf  of  my  fellow-citizens  of  New  Hampshire — the 
State  which  bears  upon  its  seal  the  noble  ship — I  wel- 
come you  to  her  soil  and  hospitality.  The  city  which  in 
days  of  yore,  as  now,  has  sent  forth  nuiny  a  gallant 
crew  for  purposes  of  war  and  peace  extends  the  warm- 
est congratulations,  and  our  joy  is  multiidied  into  the 
hearts  of  fifty  millions  of  your  countrymen,  who  wel- 
come you  back  to  your  native  land.  Our  welcome  is 
echoe<l  from  across  the  ocean,  and  rises  from  the  lii)s  of 
many  jjcople  like  the  murnuir  of  that  distant  Arctic  sea 
as  it  washes  its  desert  shores  and  wraps  itself  sorrow- 
fully around  those  white  tombstones  ot  ice  which  mark 
the  sleeping-place  of  the  heroic  dead.  None  but  you 
know  the  trials  through  which  you  have  passed — the 
exile  in  a  clime  of  eternal  ice  and  snow,  "  away  from 
friends  and  kindred  dear,"  the  watching  and  the  waiting 
through  the  long  Arctic  night  for  the  help  which  the 
Arctic  day  should  bring,  the  disappoiutment  that  it 
came  not,  the  weary  marches  and  driving  snows  or  voy- 


80 

ages  over  icy  seas,  tlie  ceaseless  search  of  many  a  day 
for  food,  the  hunger  at  the  close,  the  troubled  dreams  of 
the  night,  when  the  land  of  plenty  seemed  so  near,  and 
the  dreadful  hunger  of  the  morning.  None  but  you 
know  how  to  be  thankful  and  rejoice  to-night.  But  we, 
your  countrymen,  welcome  you  with  greatest  joy,  and 
hope  that  the  generous  fare  and  loving  care  of  home 
may  win  you  back  to  health  and  strength. 

The  ancient  Jews  sent  forth  an  ottering  to  be  sacri- 
ficed upon  the  altar,  of  which  the  priest  sent  back  a 
part,  and  with  it  good  cheer.  So  we  rejoice  over  your 
return  as  that  part  which  the  goodness  of  Providence 
has  returned  to  our  homes. 

But  in  our  rejoicings  we  are  sorrowful.  Your  com- 
rades, where  are  they  ?  You  watched  over  i  hem  like 
brethren,  but  death  claimed  them  as  his  own.  We 
grieve  with  you  and  their  friends  and  loved  ones  over 
their  loss.  They  lived  long  lives,  for  while  they  lived 
they  lived  well.  \^ou  know  their  heroic  conduct.  They 
were  ever  true  to  themselves  and  the  duty  which  was 
before  them,  and  when  at  last  the  end  came  on  apace 
they  gently  fell  asleep.  They  and  their  brave  comrade 
who  did  not  live  to  see  this  hour  have  reached  in  safety 
the  eternal  God-haven  of  the  blessed.  Their  remains 
may  rest  at  peace  in  this  their  native  land;  they  may 
be  far  away  in  the  barren  regions  of  the  North,  borne 
by  the  winds  and  waves  in  caskets  of  ice  to  a  cemetery 
which  no  human  foot  shall  tread,  or  sleeping  in  the  land 
that  gave  them  birth.  Wherever  they  may  be,  here 
among  the  people  of  America  as  well  as  in  other  lands, 
their  names  will  be  held  in  lasting  honor. 

My  fellow-citizens,  there  are  others  here  who  deserve, 


DiU.Wt.'^'^'iW'.  AV.Ji.r' 


31 

as  they  have  everywhere  received,  the  most  enthusiastic 
praise  for  the  priideiuje,  perseverance,  and  ]>lnck  with 
which  they  have  accomplished  the  work  which  tliey  un- 
dertook. All  honor  to  the  brave  commander  and  his 
men  who  have  wrought  this  noble  rescue.  They  have 
overcome  obstacles  almost  insurmountable — flvinii* 
swiftly  with  the  wind  or  steaming  against  the  storm, 
forcing  their  way,  indifferent  to  winter  snows  and  con- 
stantly threatening  perils,  against  barriers  of  ice,  inch 
by  inch,  to  reach  as  soon  as  i)ossible  their  imprisoned 
and  starving  comrades.  We  welcome  them  home  again 
and  their  ships  to  friendly  seas.  The  service  which 
they  have  rendered  will  never  be  forgotten  by  this  Gov- 
ernment or  pass  unnoticed  by  the  American  i)eoi)le. 
To  "the  heroes  and  the  martyrs,"  the  living  and  the 
dead,  the  rescued  and  the  rescuers,  to  the  high  officials 
who  have  been  so  energetic  in  pushir)g  forward  the  re- 
lief expedition,  and  to  ever^'officer  and  seaman  who  has 
contributed  to  its  success,  in  behalf  of  my  fellow  citizens 
of  this  Commonwealth,  I  extend  a  hearty  welcome. 
[Applause.] 


The  Chairman.  There  was  no  partisanship  in  titting 
out  the  Greely  Relief  Expedition.  The  Committee  on 
Appropriations  of  the  House  of  Representatives  origi- 
nated the  bill,  and  stood  firmly  by  it  as  they  reported 
it,  against  all  oi)position  or  attempts  to  amend  it.  The 
chairman  of  the  committee  led  the  forces  and  never 
hesitated,  delayed,  or  wavered,  and  he  now  comes  a 
long  distance  to  join  in  the  general  acclamation — that 
distinguished  citizen  of  Pennsylvania,  Hon.  Samuel  J. 
Randall.    [Loud  applause.] 


w 


I 


32 


MK.   RANDALL. 


Mr.  Randall  spoko  as  follows: 

Mr.  President,  Ladies,  and  Gentlemen  :  It  lias 
been  njy  j?oo(l  fortune  in  the  House  of  Re])resentative8 
to  help  toward  sen(linj»'out  tlie  Greely  Relief  Expedition, 
and  in  their  splendid  success  I  take  unusual  g^ratifica- 
tion.  The  relievers  and  relieved  have  done  their  dutj' 
faithfully  and  well,  and  deserve  the  warmest  recognition 
for  their  skill,  courage,  fortitu<le,  and  above  all  for  the 
exhibition  of  discipline  and  endurance  under  perils  al- 
most uni)aralleled.  Those  who  have  perisiied  in  the 
Arctic  wilds  have  died  martyrs  to  duty,  ami  if,  as  we 
all  believe,  knowledge  is  power,  they  have  enriched 
their  country  by  adding  largely  to  the  sum  of  human 
knowledge.  !^'o  long  as  civilization  shall  last  the  names 
of  these  heroes  and  martyrs  of  the  Greely  expedition 
will  be  in  men's  mouths  as  household  words.  I  am  here 
by  my  presence  to  give  proof  how  deeply  I  sympathize 
with  every  movement  to  honor  these  brave  and  long  suf- 
fering men.  [Applause.]  Less  1  could  not  now  say,  and 
more  at  this  time  I  believe  is  uncalled  for. 

The  Chairman.  There  was  sonie  delay  in  passing  the 
bill  through  the  Senate,  and  patience  and  tact  were 
needed  to  overcome  the  objection  to  giving  unlimited 
moneys  and  to  authorizing  the  President  to  compel  the 
oilicers  and  men  of  the  Navy  to  go  on  the  search.  That 
success  was  tinally  reached  by  the  adoption  of  the  bill 
as  it  came  from  the  House,  and  was  in  full  measure  due 
to  the  efforts  of  the  eloquent  Senator  who  is  now  intro- 
duced, Hon.  Eugene  Hale,  of  Maine.    [Applause.] 


SENATOR    IIALK. 

Senator  Hale  said : 

This  event  which  we  celebrate,  and  which  lias  set  the 
world  to  wondering-  and  applauding-,  has  not  come  to 
pass  without  the  exercise  of  some  of  the  highest  (piali- 
ties  which  mankind  possesses. 

The  project  for  the  expedition  which  Commander 
Schley  has  so  successfully  led  found  anything  hut  plain 
sailing  from  the  outset.  It  met  with  opiK)sition  at  every 
stage.  Since  the  Proteus  had  left  Lieutenant  (ireely 
and  his  party  at  Lady  Franklin  Bay  in  August,  1881, 
more  than  two  full  years  had  passed  and  the  third  win- 
ter had  set  iu  without  one  scrap  of  intelligence  from 
them. 

Two  expeditions  for  their  relief  had  been  sent  out  and 
each  had  deplorably  failed.  Xot  many  men  could,  per- 
haps, be  found  who  could  say  in  so  many  words,  that 
the  gallant  band  which  the  United  States  Government 
had  dispatched  on  so  perilous  a  quest  should  be  aban- 
doned, but  with  very  many  men  doubts  and  fears  pre- 
vailed over  hopes  and  it  was  gravely  questioned  whether 
the  prospect  of  rescuing  LieutenantGreely  and  his  com- 
rades was  sufficiently  good  to  justify  imperiling  more 
valuable  lives  in  the  search.  While  the  bill  making  the 
appropriation  for  the  relief  expedition  was  before  the 
Senate,  that  body  amended  it  so  that  the  Secretary  of 
the  Navy  had  no  power  to  order  officers  or  men  on  the 
dangerous  service. 

I  am  glad  to  be  able  to  say  that  in  conference  between 

the  two  Houses,  in  which  Mr.  Randall,  who  is  here,  and 

I  participated,  this  restriction  was  removed  and  Congress 

left  to  the  President  and  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy 

4583 3 


34 


the  i)o\vor,  if  it  slionlil  be  needed,  to  order  evory  oHij^er 
and  enlisted  man  in  the  Navy  to  the  rescue  of  the  be- 
leajfuered  ])arty. 

It  retieets  the  liij^hest  eredit  on  the  American  Navy 
that  no  such  orders  were  needed.  Secretary  Chandler, 
whose  .lerjiy  in  the  enterprise  was  untla^ging  and 
whose  vigilance  was  sleepless,  found  both  officers  and 
men  eagjer  to  be  taken.  The  volunteering  included 
those  who  had  been  i)erforminjif  the  most  arduous  service 
and  those  who  had  tilled  the  easiest  posts.  To  this  there 
was  hardly  an  exception.  The  s])irit  of  the  Navy  was 
hijih  and  gave  token  of  what  the  nation  may  expect  of 
it  should  {^reat  emergencies  ever  arise. 

Years  of  uneventful  duty;  a  tleet  gradually  dwin- 
dling; public  sentiment  until  lately  ai)athetic  as  to  the 
need  of  a  navy — iu)ne  of  these  nor  all  of  tliese  had 
stamped  out  of  the  breasts  of  the  officers  and  men  of  our 
Navy  that  tire  which  had  burned  in  the  hearts  of  Paul 
Jones  and  Decatur  and  Perry;  skill,  courage,  daring, 
were  all  amply  found. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Navy  and  the  Secretary  of  War, 
to  whose  joint  charge  the  enterprise  was  given,  antici- 
pated the  action  of  Congress  in  securing  proper  vessels, 
and  night  and  day  the  work  went  on.  I  watched  these 
things  closely,  for  it  had  fallen  upon  me  to  take  charge 
of  and  manage  the  relief  bill  in  the  Senate.  I  do  not 
see  where  an  hour  was  lost. 

And  so  in  the  last  days  of  April  and  in  the  early  ones 
of  May  the  Thetis  and  the  Bear,  and  the  Alert  which 
had  been  generously  given  to  us  by  the  lintish  Govern- 
ment, sailed  away  in  search  of  our  countrymen,  who  for 
nearly  three  years  had  been  buried  in  that  profound  mys- 
tery of  the  Polar  Sea,  and  from  whom  no  sound  had  been 


35 


heard  and  no  si^n  had  heen  ^ivtui.  T\w  prayers  of  the 
American  people  went  alon*;-  with  the  ships. 

Tiiere  \s  no  need  lieie  for  ^olnj--  fiirtlier  into  tlio  story 
of  the  exju'dition.     It  lias  briai^^iit  lionie  its  sheaves. 

Commander  Schley,  ill  his  dispatch  from  8aint  John's 
to  the  Secretary  ofthe  Navy  aiimuiiiciii.u'  the  rescne,  tells 
us  how  it  was  done.  "  From  Hand's  Ishiiid,"he  says,  ''to 
Smith's  Sonn«l  I  had  a  constant  and  liirions  strng^le  with 
ice  in  impassable  iloes.  Solid  baniers  ol'  ice  were  over- 
come by  watchfnlness  and  i»atience  alone."  Lientenant 
Greely,  in  his  i)athetic  nu'ssajie  to  Genei-al  Ilazen,  in 
referring  to  the  energy  with  which  the  ships  were 
pushed  through  Melville  Bay  into  the  North  Water, 
says  "they  gained  a  yard  where^  <  r  it  was  possible  and 
always  held  it."  In  less  than  three  vshoit  months  the 
deed  has  been  done  and  Commander  Schley,  Lieutenant 
Emory,  Comnumder  Coflfii*,  and  their  othcers  and  men 
and  the  little  fleet  they  commanded  are  all  back  with  us. 

The  nation  welcomes  them,  congratnlatesthem,  thanks 
them. 

What  shall  I  say  of  tlnit  other  expedition  whose  en- 
feebled remnant  has  been  bronght  bj^-k  to  our  shores 
and  to  life!  The  world  has  read  its  wonderful  story 
and  it  will  be  told  to  our  children  and  to  our  children's 
children  to  the  latest  day.  Consider  what  the  Greely 
party  endured,  what  it  suffered,  what  it  accomplished. 
Nothing  dims  its  record.  There  was  no  insubordina- 
tion, no  blundering,  no  losing  of  the  head.  It  followed 
instructions.  In  the  long  montlis  when  health  aud 
plenty  abounded  the  time  was  utilized  by  observations 
and  explorations  which  penetrated  farther  than  human 
foot  had  ever  trodden.  Nares  aud  Markham  have  seen 
their  bounds  exceeded. 


S6 

When  the  allotted  time  had  been  spent  and  no  help 
had  come  from  the  world  of  life  outside,  the  party  aban- 
doned its  place  and  took  its  toilsome  and  dangerous  way 
south  to  Cape  Sabine.  Think  what  these  few  who  have 
comeback  tons  bore  during- that  last  terrible  winter : 
Cold,  the  account  of  which  appalls  the  in^.agination;  star- 
vation; the  death  of  comrades;  the  despair  which  seizes 
the  hearts  of  men  when  hope  of  human  succor  coases;  and 
yet  the  few  brave  hearts  kept  up. 

Those  w  ho  laid  down  their  lives  will  never  be  forgot- 
ten. 

Tboir  presence  hauuts  tliis  room  to-night, 
Their  forms  are  mingled  mist  and  light 
From  that  far  coast. 

We  see  Lieutenaht  Lock  wood  as  he  proudly  sets  the 
starry  Hag  on  Lockwood  Island  in  latitude  83^  24',  miles 
nearer  to  tl)e  pole  thaii  man  had  ever  before  reached,  and 
we  thrill  with  emotion  as  we  behold  his  little  band  resist- 
lessly  swept  along  by  that  niysterious  polar  current 
toward  the  open  sea,  to  prove  whose  existence  so  many 
brave  men  have  died.  We  go  with  Rice  and  Fredericks 
on  that  awful  journey  to  bring  the  food  which  had  been 
cached  near  Cape  Isabella,  and  we  come  back  with  the 
sole  survivor  to  the  camp  of  the  famished  and  the  dying. 
Whatever  men  could  do  these  few  who  have  come  back 
to  us  have  done,  and  it  is  most  fitting  that  to  day  we 
should  i)raise  them  and  honor  them  and  commend  them 
to  a  nation's  sympathy  anfl  care,  and  should  celebrate 
as  we  do  the  return  of  the  fleet  which  bore  the  stout 
hearts  that  rescued  them.     [Applause.] 

The  Chairman.  It  was  hoped  that  Lieutenant  Greely 
and  his  (iomrades  would  be  present  tonight.  But  a 
proper  regard  for  tncir  health  requires  that  they  be  kept 


37 

away.  It  is  tlie  deteimiiuition  that  by  no  imprudence 
shall  the  lives  of  those  whom  we  have  rescued  be  again 
imperiled,  and  after  tlie  excitement  caused  them  by  wit- 
nessing the  parade  of  to-day  it  has  been  thought  best 
for  them  to  remain  to-night  quietly  at  their  quarters. 
But  we  have  here  one  with  whom  we  are  all  glad  to  re- 
joice.  On  the  quarter-deck  of  rhe  Tennessee,  on  Friday 
last,  when  the  Arctic  ships  entered  our  harbor,  the  faith- 
ful heart  of  Mrs.  Greely  beat  with  joy  at  the  welcome 
and  beautiful  sight,  and  she  is  to-night  the  happiest 
woman  in  all  Portsmouth.  It  is  a  pleasure  to  present 
to  you  her  brother,  Mr.  O.  A.  Nesmith,  of  Boston. 

MR.   O.   A.   NESMITH. 

Mr.  Nesmith  said : 

Mr.  Secretary,  Kepresenjative^  of  the  City 
OF  Portsmouth,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen:  It  is  with 
peculiar  feeliugs  that  I  rise  to  address  you  as  the  repre- 
seniative  of  Lieutenant  Greely,  the  other  survivors  of 
the  Greely  Expedition,  and  their  relatives. 

With  many  of  us  it  is  indeed  a  day  of  rejoicing,  and 
to  those  who  are  called  ni)on  to  mourn  we  can  say  that 
though  their  loved  ones  will  never  more  return  they 
died  as  soldiers  should,  and  that  over  the  head  of  each 
may  be  written  the  prordest  of  all  ei)itai>hs,  the  dearest 
to  a  soldier's  heart:  "He  died  in  the  line  of  duty." 

And  in  the  very  beginning  I  desire  to  express  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  tiie  hearH'elt  gratitude  all  inter- 
ested — and  may  I  not  then  inchuie  the  whole  nation?— 
feel  toward  him  for  his  personal  efforts  in  behalf  of  the 
brave  band. 

Fitting  indeed  was  it  that  the  reception  should  have 


38 

taken  place  here  in  old  Portsm  )Utli,  where  the  siirvivois 
could  receive  the  thoughtful  care  they  have  and  at  the 
same  time,  by  a  happy  coincidence,  in  the  seaiiort  of  tiie 
State  which  has  the  honor  of  claiming  the  gallant  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy  as  her  son.  As  the  cobbler  or  the  me- 
chanic has  the  custom  of  hanging  out  some  emblem  of  his 
handiwork,  so  has  Nature;  and,  therefore,  God  placed 
the  profile  of  a  man  on  the  mountains  of  New  Hampshire 
to  show  that  here  He  made  men.  And  the  work  done 
in  fitting  out  this  relief  expedition  and  tender  care  of 
those  who  returned  proves  that  if  God  ever  made  a  man 
that  man  is  William  E.  Chandler.  And  next  I  would 
speak  of  the  brave  work  of  Captain  Schley  and  his  able 
assistants,  Lieutenant  Emory  and  Commander  Coffin, 
ay,  and  every  man  of  the  whole  squadron.  Words  and 
time  fail  me  as  I  endeavor  to  express  all  that  our  feel- 
ings would  prompt;  to  say  tliat  we  and  ours  will  ever 
hold  them  in  tenderest  memory  is  to  say  that  which  you 
already  know  and  feel. 

To  the  city  government,  and  all  the  citizens  who  have 
so  hospitably  joined  in  the  welcome,  I  extend  the  thanks 
of  the  relatives;  and  now,  with  your  kind  permission,  I 
will  read  a  communication  from  Lieutenant  Greely : 

Navy  Yard, 
Poriamonth,  N.  H.,  Anf/ual  4,  1884. 

To  Secretavn  Chandlo',  Governor  Hale,  and  the  Citii  of  Portsmouih : 

No  rejiKOU  less  serious  than  sheer  inability  from  lack  of  strength 
and  health  could  prevent  the  presence  to-night  of  the  living  ineni- 
l)er«  of  th'3  Lady  Franklin  Bay  Expedition.  I  am  now  unable  to 
fittingly  express  how  deeply  we  feel  the  honor  done  us  by  your  as- 
sembling here  to  greet  with  kindly  words  of  welcome  the  living 
and  to  give  voice  to  tender  sympathy  for  the  dead. 

During  our  .crvice  north  we  tried  to  do  our  duty.  If  in  our 
efforts  aught  is  found  of  work  aecompliHhed  (ir  of  actions  done 


39 


which  toucliesthehejut  of  the  peopU',  we  shall  feel  that  our  labors 
and  hardships  are  more  tl-au  rewarded.  Time  and  inclination  are 
eqnally  wanting  in  which  ^o  dwell  on  the  work  done  or  hardships 
endured. 

I  must,  however,  state  that  never  for  a  moment  in  our  darkest 
or  gloomiest  hour  did  we  doubt  that  the  American  peoi)le  were 
planning  for  our  rescue,  through  their  representatives,  all  that  lay 
in  human  power  and  skill.  From  day  to  day,  as  food  failed  and 
men  died,  that  faith  and  that  certainty  ga't  strength  to  us  who 
lived  >  need  not  tell  you  what  you  well  ]:now,  how  the  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  set  heart  and  soul  on  our  relief,  and,  bv  imbuin":  his 
snhordinates  with  his  onn  indomitable  energy,  started  relief  ves- 
sels in  an  unprecedentedly  brief  time.  You  know  les8  of  the  untir- 
ing zeal  and  determination  which  animated  Commander  Schley  and 
the  officers  of  his  squadron.  No  risk  was  too  great,  no  demands  on 
their  strength  and  energy  too  great,  vhen  it  was  possible  that  an 
hour  could  be  gained  or  a  mile  made  good.  So  marked  were  their 
dispatch  and  ene.'gy,  that  had  they  known  our  exact  condition  and 
'fK^ulity,  and  thus  avoided  the  thorough  and  sweeping  search  made 
'.  .  i  Cape  York  and  Cary's  Island  to  Life  Boat  Cove,  they 'could 
not  have  reached  Camp  Clay  in  time  to  have  saved  another  life. 
None  but  those  of  Arctic  experience  can  fully  realize  the  wonderfnl 
work  done  by  the  squadron,  and  no  one  knows  better  than  I  how 
inadequate  is  this  tribute  to  the  Navy  for  its  labors  and  successes, 
not  h  ss  glorious  in  this  work  of  peace  than  they  have  always  been 
ii  tinui  of  war. 

We  thank  you  for  your  kind  deeds,  thoughtful  consiileratiou,  and 
tender  synipathy  to  and  for  us  all — the  living  and  the  dead. 

Most  sincerely  and  cordially, 

A.  W.  GREELY, 

First  Lieutenant  Fifth  Camln/,  A.  S.  O.,  and  J-iHintant 

Commanding  Ladtj  Franklin  liaif  Expedition. 

The  •  tvMAN.  The  Chief  Signal  Otticerofthe  Army 
has  conio  :.  Portsmouth  to  testify  his  appreciation  of 
the  rescue  of  the  gallant  otticers  and  the  men  of  his 
coMiinand.  General  William  B.  Ilazen  will  address 
you. 


:f 


40 


GENERAL  HA  ZEN. 


(lOiieral  Hazen  said: 

Mr.  Chairman,  Ladies,  and  Gentlemen  :  This  is 
an  occasion  of  no  common  kind,  for  the  eyes  of  all  civ- 
ilized society  are  tnrned  toward  ns,  and  we  are  here  to 
greet  heroes. 

When  I  took  control  of  the  Signal  Service  the  plan 
for  the  Arctic  work,  which  has  jnst  been  closed,  was  sub- 
stantially formulated  and  had  the  approval  and  signa- 
ture of  the  President. 

Soon  afterward  Lieutenant  Grcely  brought  the  sub- 
ject to  my  attention,  and  I  gave  it  my  unqualified  aid 
and  supiH)rt,  and  to  this  moment  there  has  been  nothing 
neglected  which  I  couhl  do  to  r  ;•'  '^  "t  a  perfect  success. 

The  money  for  it  had  not  been  a,  opriated,  but  Con- 
gress soon  gave  it.  Both  Mr.  Greely  and  myself  de- 
voted to  the  work  of  i)reparation  our  untiring  industry 
and  careful  stu<ly,  which  resulted  in  the  most  ])erfectly 
]>repared,  equipjjed,  and  best  supplied  expedition  that 
ever  set  its  face  toward  the  pole.  It  was  launched  in 
the  best  shij)  for  its  pur])ose  afloat. 

There  can  be  no  question  but  the  Newfoundland  seal- 
ing fleet,  which  is  the  develoi)ment  of  two  hundred 
years  of  ice  service,  is  the  best  ice  fleet  in  tlie  worhl^ 
and  the  Proteus,  like  the  Bear,  was  one  of  its  best  ships. 

Sailing  from  Saint  John's,  July  4,  1881,  in  the  unpre- 
cedentedly  short  period  of  fifty-nine  days  she  passed  up 
to  V  ithin  seven  and  a  half  degrees  of  the  i)ole,  landed 
her  party  and  stores,  saw  the  house  for  the  party  ready 
for  occupation,  and  returned  safely  to  Saint  John's,  and 
was  discharged. 


41 


III  the  year  1882  a  supply  sliip  was  sent  with  care- 
fully selected  stores,  but  after  passing  about  forty  miles 
beyond  Gape  Sabine  she  met  unbroken  ice,  and  watch- 
ing the  ice-field  all  the  season,  there  being  no  break,  she 
returned  to  Saint  John's. 

In  the  spring  of  1883  another  expedition,  equally  well 
supplied,  was  sent  in  the  same  ship,  the  Proteus,  and 
with  the  same  captain.  Pike,  that  so  successfully  carried 
Lieutenant  Greely  to  his  station  two  years  before;  but 
after  reaching  Cape  Sabine  she  was  caught  in  the  ice 
and  sank  with  nearly  all  her  stores.  Up  to  this  point 
everything  pre-arranged  by  Mr.  Greely  and  myself  had 
been  carried  out  in  the  minutest  particular,  so  far  as  was 
in  my  power,  and  his  directions,  written  after  arriving 
at  his  station,  had  been  scrupulously  followed  in  mj' 
oflice. 

This  was  on  July  23,  and  tlie  crew  and  relieving  party 
with  tlie  couvsort  almost  immediately  returned  to  Saint 
John's,  leaving  no  considerable  stores  of  any  sort  for  the 
Arctic  colony. 

The  splendid  and  complete  rescue  of  the  i)resent  year, 
whose  commanders  are  with  us  to-night,  is  too  recent 
and  well  known  to  require  words  from  me. 

The  work  done  by  Mr.  Greely's  party  which  has  been 
safely  brought  home  wtis  complete  in  every  particular, 
just  as  was  pre-arranged  before  it  left  Washington, 
not  only  surpassing  in  accuracy  that  of  all  others,  but 
has  contributed  in  quality  and  real  value  more  thnn  the 
records  of  all  other  Arctic  expeditions  put  togt  ther. 

It  has  carried  its  parties  farther  north  than  any  other 
party  at  any  time,  and  has  added  greatly  to  our  geo- 
gra])hical  knowledge  of  Northern  (rrinnell   Land  and 


f  M 


XI 


LV 


42 

Greenland.  The  g^reat  addition  to  our  knowledge  of 
Arctic  meteorology  may  add  the  missing  link  by  which 
we  can  predict  changes  of  the  weather  for  long  i)eriods 
of  time  with  the  same  accuracy  we  now  predict  for  short 
ones,  and  it  has  dispelled  the  superstitions  of  Arctic 
life ;  it  has  proved  that  living  there  is  wholesome  and 
comfortable,  oidy  requiring  pro])er  clothing,  good  and 
plentiful  food,  and  a  warm  house  to  live  in. 

This  has  solved  the  problem  of  Arctic  exploration  of 
the  future,  robbed  it  of  its  horrors  and  niysteries,  and 
has  shown  us  safe  and  certain  methods 

But  it  has  not  been  done  without  great  cost,  nor  was 
there  ever  anything  of  great  value  without  great  cost. 
Let  us  hope  it  Iihs  not  in  this  case  been  too  great. 

The  grand  result  of  this  expedition,  in  short,  has  been 
a  clear  increase  to  the  sum  of  human  knowledge. 

And  now,  to  the  noble  men  of  the  Navy  who  have  so 
splendidly  and  perfectly  achieved  this  rescue,  to  Ca])- 
tains  Schley  and  Oottiu  and  Lieutenant  Emory  and  their 
brave  men,  I  wish,  in  the  strongest  manner  that  words 
and  feelings  can  express,  and  in  this  most  public  way, 
to  render  them  my  thanks  and  the  thanks  of  the  portion 
of  the  Army  1  represent.     [Applause.] 

SECRETARY  LINCOLN. 


Tuv^  Chairman  then  spoke  of  the  interest  and  zeal 
manifested  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  Hon.  Robert  T. 
Lincoln,  concerning  the  expedition,  and  read  the  follow- 
ing dispatch  from  him  : 

War  Depakt^ient, 
Wanhingiou  City,  August  1,  1884. 
I  regret  tliat  I  am  not  .able  to  accept  your  iuvitation  to  join  at 
Portsmouth  iu  the  greeting  to  Commander  Schley  and  his  com- 


43 


inaiul  upon  their  return.  I  bo;;  you  to  express  to  him  my  appre- 
ciation of  t>eenery;etic  and  thorough  maniieriii  whieli  evervthinjr 
possible  V  as  accomplished  by  his  expedition,  and  to  tender  him 
the  thanks  of  this  Department  for  his  inestimable  services  to  the 
survivors  of  Lieutenant  Greely's  party. 

ROBERT  T.  LINCOLN, 

Secretary  of  War. 
Hon,  William  E.  Ciiandlku, 

Secretary  of  the  Xarif,  Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

The  Chairm:a.n.  Allusion  has  been  made  to  the  discus- 
sion in  Conj^ress  upon  the  question,  whether  the  power 
shoukl  be  j>iven  to  order  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Navy 
to  go  upon  the  search  expedition,  or  whether  it  should 
go  forth  only  if  volunteers  ottered  themselves.  Those 
of  us  who  insisted  that  the  power  to  command  should 
be  given  were  not  influenced  by  the  fear  that  volunteers 
would  not  a])pear,  but  we  were  contending  for  a  princi- 
ple. After  this  Government  had  sent  Greely  and  his 
comrades  into  a  place  of  peril,  and  promised  to  succor 
them,  and  an  expedition  was  being  prepared,  not  for 
scientific  exploration,  but  to  relieve  and  rescue  men  in 
peril,  and  the  President  was  given  unlimited  control 
over  all  the  moneys  of  the  Government,  it  was  felt  that 
he  should  also  be  intrusted,  so  that  he  could  use  it  if 
necessary,  with  all  the  power  of  the  Government  over 
the  naval  establishment;  and  Congress  finally  con- 
ceded the  principle.  But  it  was  not  necessary  to  exer- 
cise the  power.  The  whole  Navy  was  willing  to  go;  and 
there  volunteered  to  tnke  any  one  of  the  ships  an  offi- 
cer concerning  whom  I  dare  not  trust  myself  to  speak 
as  warmly  as  1  feel.  You  can  fittingly  receive  him; 
the  captain  of  the  whole  expedition,  Commander  Win- 
field  Scott  Schley. 


44 


I 


COMMANDER   SCHLEY. 

Commaiuler  Schley  was  received  with  immense  ap- 
plause, and  si)oke  as  follows: 

In  behalf  of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Greely  Be- 
lief Expedition,  which  I  had  the  honor  to  command,  I 
beff  to  thank  the  citizens  of  the  State  of  New  Hamp- 
shire and  of  the  city  of  Portsmouth  for  this  demon- 
stration of  their  appreciation  of  the  manner  in  which 
we  have  j)erformed  the  sacred  duties  committed  to  our 
charge. 

The  duty  imposed  upon  me,  in  their  behalf,  to  reply 
to  the  very  complimentary  allusions  of  our  most  excel- 
lent chief,  and  others  who  have  preceded  me,  is  a  task 
really  more  difllicult  to  accomi)lish  than  that  which  he 
iikii)osed  in  sending  me  forth  to  "rescue  Greely  or  as- 
certain his  fate." 

I  desire,  therefore,  at  the  outset  to  state  that  it  was  the 
determination  of  all  the  brave  fellows  who  went  out 
with  ine  for  this  great  duty  to  leave  nothing  undone  to 
reach  the  imperiled  party  at  the  earliest  practicable  mo- 
ment, and  it  affords  me  the  w^armest  pleasure  to  testify 
publicly  to  their  exact  fulfillment  of  every  duty  required 
by  the  various  exigencies  of  their  perilous  service,  and 
when  I  state  to  you  that  during  the  entire  period  of  our 
absence  no  occasion  of  reproof  to  any  one  was  neces- 
sary, 1  think  it  expresses  a  volume.  It  explains  our 
success  in  that  it  indicates  the  noble,  whole-souled  pur- 
pose of  officers  and  men  who  went  out  with  me. 

Your  distinguished  fellow  citizen,  Hon.  W.  E.  Chand- 
ler, our  present  able  and  brilliant  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
has  graphically  narrated  the  history  of  all  expeditions 
sent  to  Greely's  relief  aud  their  results.     I  cannot,  if  I 


45 

would,  attempt  to  supplement  what  be  lias  said  of  this 
last  in  which  he  has  been  so  conspicuously  prominent  in 
organizing  and  fitting  for  its  work. 

I  feel  that  I  should  outrage  the  sentiment  and  wishes 
of  my  officers  and  men  if  I  failed  to  stiile  here  in  his 
native  State,  and  thus  to  his  fellow-countrymen,  how 
much  of  our  succe^is  was  due  to  his  great  energy,  his  un- 
tiagging  interest,  his  untiring  industry,  his  indefatigable 
spirit,  and  able  counsel,  which  assisted  us  so  much  when 
working  far  away  from  his  guidance.  After  the  rnuni- 
ticent  a[)i)ropriation  of  Congress  the  credit  and  honor  of 
(ireely's  rescue  is  due  to  him,  and  we  shall  always  feel  here- 
after that  what  we  were  able  to  accomplish  was  but  the 
natural  sequence  of  that  energy,  that  devotion,  and  that 
comprehensive  ai)preciation  which  set  in  nu)tion  the  ex- 
peditionary force  of  1884.  I  have  then  to  thank  him  in 
behalf  of  the  officers  and  men  of  this  expedition  for  the 
lasting  honor  he  has  conferred  upon  them  in  connecting 
their  names  and  their  efforts  with  his  in  fulfillment  of  a 
work  that  reflects  such  infinite  luster  upon  his  name. 

I  do  uot  overstate  when  I  say  in  behalf  of  the  Navy,  in 
which  I  have  served  over  a  quarter  of  a  century,  that  the 
spirit  of  the  gallant  fellows  who  went  outward  with  me 
to  the  frozen  Arctic  seas  was  but  the  prototype  of  that 
which  has  been  commended  by  every  commander  from 
Tripoli  downward  to  the  ice  fastnesses  of  Cape  Sabine. 
I  am  confident  we  may  be  trusted  in  all  eniergencies  to 
fulfill  the  ex|)ectation  of  our  beloved  people.  [  A])plause.] 

The  Chairman.  1  now  introduce  to  you  the  energetic, 
courageous,  and  accomplished  commander  of  the  Bear, 
Lieut.  William  H.  Emory. 


I'M 


i:- 


46 


LIFATTENANT   EMORY. 

After  renewed  npplaiise,  Lieutenant  Emory  said: 
Mr.  President,  ladies  and  gentlemen  :  I  thank 
yon  for  your  kind  expressions,  which  are  deei)ly  appre- 
ciated. 

Tiie  regulations  of  the  naval  service  forbid  juniors 
from  expressing  approbation  or  disapprobation  of  their 
superiors,  but  as  this  is  the  only  oi)i)ortunity  that  may 
present  itself  I  feel  sure  that  the  honorable  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  will  permit  me  to  express,  in  behalf  of  the 
officers  and  men  of  the  relief  shii)s,  our  admiration  and 
devotion  for  the  commander-in-chief  of  the  expedition, 
and  to  assure  him  th.it  we  are  now,  and  shall  always  be, 
ready  to  follow  him  north  or  to  a  much  warmer  place. 
[Laughter  and  applause.] 

The  Chairman.  The  reserve  is  always  important  in 
every  army.  The  expedition  was  organized  on  the  plan, 
first,  that  if  the  Thetis  should  be  crushed  in  the  ice  the 
Bear  would  save  her  crew  and  go  on  with  the  mission; 
and  second,  that  if  the  Thetis  and  Bear  should  both  be 
lost,  the  Alert  would  be  able  to  save  all  lives,  and  also 
go  on  and  find  and  bring  back  Greely  and  party.  There- 
fore the  Alert  was  placed  in  command  of  an  officer  in 
every  way  qualified  for  any  emergency,  and  who  did  his 
duty  most  efficiently  ;  but  for  fear  this  assembly  should 
come  to  the  conclusion  that  a  few  of  us  have  organized 
here  to-night  a  mutual  admiration  society,  I  introduce 
him  to  you  only  on  the  condition  that  he  will  not  say  a 
word  about  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy. 

commander  coffin. 

Commander  George  W.  Coffin  said : 

You  have  heard  the  command  of  the  Secretarv  of  the 


47 

Navy.  Absolute  obedience  to  a  superior  ottieer  is  the 
law  of  the  service.  Since  1  am  connuauded  not  to  speak 
of  him,  I  will  obey,  and  fsimplij  concur  in  the  remarks 
ichich  have  been  already  made. 

Commander  Coflin  took  his  seat  amnl  cheers  and 
laughter. 

The  Chairman.  An  ex-Secretary  of  the  Navy,  who 
himself  organized  an<l  sent  out  a  polar  expedition  of 
celebrity,  has  come  here  to-night  to  do  honor  to  the  Na- 
val Expedition  of  1884.  I  introduce  Hon.  George  M. 
Robeson. 

EX-SECUETAllY   ROBESON. 

Ex-Secretary  Roreson  said: 

Ladies  AND  Gentlemen,  Citizens  of  Portsmouth, 
AND  OF  the  State  of  Neav  Hampshire:  Having  no 
longer  official  connection  with  the  naval  service,  hold- 
ing no  public  office,  not  born  in  your  State,  nor  resident 
within  its  boundaries,  I  can  speak  to  you  to-night  neither 
from  an  official  nor  a  personal  or  local  standpoint,  but 
can  only  consider  the  occasion  and  its  surroundings  from 
those  points  of  view  which  are  common  to  all  citizens 
and  which  must  strike  the  minds  of  all  men. 

The  occasion  which  we  are  here  to  celebrate,  and  the 
events  which  produced  it,  are  illustrative  of  ^«'o  general 
ideas,  one  of  which  exhibits  a  characteristic  of  our  race, 
and  the  other  a  principle  inherent  in  our  Government. 

It  is  a  marked  characteristic  of  the  family  of  nations 
from  which  we  especially  derive  our  origin  to  be  ever 
vseeking  to  overstep  the  boundaries,  penetrate  the  gloom, 
and  overcome  the  unknown  dangers  which  guard  the 
grim  frontiers  of  human  knowledge.  This  tendency  is 
manifested  in  every  fiehl  of  human   progress,  mental, 


r, 


m 


\ 


48 


moral,  and  iiutteiial ;  in  governiiieiit,  in  religion,  in  sci- 
ence, in  geography,  in  every  department  of  personal, 
social,  or  governmental  development.  It  is  the  principle 
which  makesof  ns  explorers,  i)ioueers,  colonists,  conipier- 
ors,  possessors,  civilizers,  developers.  It  is  the  bright  star 
of  destiny  which  has  illumined  our  i)rogress  since  the 
nation  was  born.  It  lightened  the  councils  of  the  foumlers 
of  our  Government.  It  shone  on  the  pathway  of  our  pio- 
neers. Itguides  the  weary  footsteps  of  the  emigrant.  It 
illumines  the  minds  of  our  statesmen,  scholars,  philoso- 
])hers,  inventors,  and  workers  until  we  have  seen  thefor- 
est  leveled  and  the  earth  subdued  across  a  continent  to 
the  shores  of  farther  ocean,  and  our  young  Republic,  with 
but  a  century  of  life,  has  assumed  before  the  world  a 
proud  i)osition  of  leadership  in  political,  moral,  and  ma- 
terial i)rogress. 

The  original  expedition,  the  survivors  of  which  have 
just  been  rescued,  found  its  origin  in  this  principle,  in- 
sjuring  alike  its  projectors,  its  leaders,  its  soldiers,  its 
victims,  and  its  survivors.  The  details  of  its  history 
are  yet  unknown.  Our  present  infonnation  is  only  the 
general  comnion  knowledge  of  the  country.  We  know 
that  it  vvas  organized  and  sent  forth;  that  it  was  suc- 
cessfully stnrted  in  that  unknown  region  from  which  its 
worn  and  broken  survivors  have  just  been  recovered. 
We  know^  that  two  expeditions  for  its  rescue  had  failed, 
and  that  the  last  was  successful  only  through  the  kno>vl- 
edge  and  the  skill,  the  training  and  the  discipline,  the 
courage  and  the  constancy  of  the  brave  men  who  are 
with  us  here  to-night.  Of  its  achievements  we  know 
little.  Of  its  difficulties,  its  dangers,  its  trials,  its  suf- 
ferings, its  disasters,  we  see  the  results,  but  are  as  yet 
uninformed  of  their  details.     We  know  that  the  suft'er- 


49 


iiig  and  the  sacriflces  have  been  great,  but  we  know  not 
how  much  has  been  added  to  the  sum  of  human  knowl- 
edge and  contributed  to  the  i)rogress  of  the  human  race 
by  these  sutferings  and  saerihees.  At  this  moment  we 
can  only  remember  that  the  enterprise  had  its  sugges- 
tion and  expedition  its  origin  in  the  same  great  i)rin- 
ciple  which  has  given  development  to  our  country, 
strength  to  our  (iovernment,  progress  and  prosperity 
to  our  people.  Whatever  may  be  or  may  be  sui)i)osed 
to  be  the  scientific  results  of  this  venture  ;  however 
great  or  however  small  they  nuiy  seem  to  us,  we  nuist 
not  forget  the  fact  that  many  of  the  great  con(;lusions  of 
science  which  have  contributed  to  the  welfare  and  hap- 
piness of  mankind  have  been  founded  upon  facts  and 
knowledge  gathered  during  the  lapse  of  many  years  by 
the  labors  and  sacrifices  of  individual  men,  without  ap- 
parent relation  to  each  other,  and  often  without  knowl- 
edge of  their  value,  by  those  who  discovered  tlcm.  In 
the  great  economy  of  the  world  it  seems  tliat  the  seed 
own  by  courage  and  suffering  is  never  wholly  lost. 
But  with  the  relief  expedition  sent  forth  by  the  Amer- 
ican Navy,  whose  members  are  with  us  here,  we  are 
thoroughly  familiar.  We  are  fully  informed  of  its  origin,^ 
its  organization,  its  preparation,  its  departure,  its  la- 
bors, its  achievements,  its  success.  It  had  its  inspira- 
tion in  that  other  principle  to  which  I  hav^e  alluded  j 
■which  should  be  recognized  by  all  powers  and  under- 
stood by  all  people  as  inherent  in  the  spirit  of  our  Gov- 
ernment,  that  wherever  an  American  citizen  has  a  right 
to  be,  in  the  accomplishment  of  what  he  has  a  right  to 
do,  he  has  the  whole  force  of  the  Government  and  all 
the  strength  of  the  people  behind  him ;  that  wherever 
led  in  the  pursuit  of  knowledge,  allured  by  trade,  in- 
4583 4 


^ 


¥ 


ill 


-  / 


50 


spired  by  religion,  or  impelled  by  duty  he  may  find  bim- 
&elf,  there  he  has  a  right  to  look  with  confidence  to  the 
free  Government  of  which  he  is  a  member  for  protection 
ii  he  is  oppressed,  for  relief  if  he  is  suffering,  for  rescue  if 
he  is  in  danger.  [Applause.]  Born  of  this  principle  and 
authorizet^  in  this  spirit,  the  relief  expedition  was  or- 
ganized  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  who  undertook 
and  accomplished  his  responsible  duty  in  the  spirit  and 
with  the  knowledge  which  the  exigency  demanded.  As 
I  am  no  longer  connected  with  the  service,  neither  oflS- 
yjer,  man,  nor  civilian  employ^,  I  shall  not  hold  myself 
subject  to  the  Secretary's  injunction  of  silence  in  regard 
to  himself,  but  shall  declare  (what  all  men  see  and 
what  every  actor  in  this  expedition  felt)  that  it  was  his 
wise  and  thoughtful,  brave  and  energetic  spirit  behind 
it  which  influenced  every  action,  encouraged  every  ex- 
ertion, and  inspired  every  man,  from  commandant  to 
cabin-boy,  until  the  whole  expedition  was  infused  and 
harmonized  with  intelligent,  energetic,  and  effective  life. 
How  much  we  reall.y  owe  to  this  insp  .ing  and  directing 
agency  only  the  interested  know,  only  the  thoughtful 
will  ever  realize. 

The  expedition  itself  was  made  up  of  the  flower  of  the 
American  Navy.  Every  man  was  detailed  for  readiness, 
<jourage,  strenglh,  and  eflQcieiicy;  every  officer  selected 
because  of  those  higher  qualities  of  nature  and  training 
which  make  up  the  physical,  mental,  and  moral  organi- 
zation of  an  efficient  naval  commander.  Richly  endowed 
by  nature  with  every  mental  quality,  carefully  instructed 
in  the  whole  field  of  naval  knowledge,  thoroughly  in- 
formed of  every  condition  which  would  bring  failure  or 
achieve  success,  combining  every  element  of  resistance 
to  unseen  difficulties  and  unknown  dangers,  able  and 


51 


ready  at  once  to  command  and  to  obey,  impelled  by  the 
consciousness  of  high  duty  and  inspired  by  the  enthusi- 
asm which  attends  it,  directed  by  knowledge,  restrained 
by  discipline,  and  sustained  by  courage,  they  were  able 
to  push  right  on  without  hesitation  or  uncertainty,  with- 
out check  or  pause,  snatching  every  advantage  which 
boldness  could  dare  or  energj^  accomplish,  and  main- 
taining every  achievement  with  steady  and  unwavering 
courage,  until  surmounting  every  obstacle  and  over- 
coming every  danger  they  have  conquered  the  success 
which  brings  us  here  to-night,  which  crowns  them  with 
the  honors  and  buidens  them  with  the  thanks  of  the 
people.  They  have  taught  to  the  Government  and  to  the 
nation,  and  1  trust  that  they  have  realized  to  the  serv- 
ice and  to  themselves,  the  real  value  of  a  single  hour 
in  every  great  emergency.  Here  every  moment  was 
freighted  with  human  life.  Delay  was  failure,  and  dis- 
aster death.  But  they  inspired  every  moment  with 
energy,  and  filled  every  hour  with  action,  until  they 
have  conquered  opposing  elements  with  a  success  as 
marked  as  any  in  the  records  of  history.  They  have 
done  more  tiian  this.  They  have  illustrated  to  their 
associates,  to  their  country,  and  to  the  world  that  the 
highest  qualities  of  the  naval  service  are  not  always 
exhibited  and  its  highest  triumphs  achieved  amid  the 
turmoils  and  excitement  of  desperate  battle ;  that  not 
alone  upon  some  slippery  deck,  where  life  is  victory 
and  death  is  honor,  are  heroism  and  courage  exhibited^ 
but  that  these  assume  their  loftiest  mood  and  exhibit 
the  highest  qualities  amid  the  darkness  and  the  dread 
of  that  dim  unknown,  where  the  unorganized  elements 
of  material  nature  oppose  themselves  ever  to  the  im- 
perial spirit  of  man,  where  human  courage  is  always 


%, 


62 

confronted  with  unmeasured  danger,  and  duty  is  ever 
face  to  face  with  death. 

I  must  be  pardoned  if  I  have  spoken  upon  this  sub- 
ject with  more  than  wonted  feeling.  This  is  the  serv- 
ice with  which  I  was  for  many  years  associated.  These 
are  the  ofiBcers  whom  I  knew  and  appreciated  j  these 
are  the  boys  whom  I  loved.  All  honor,  then,  to  the 
American  Navy.  Here  they  have  exhibited  the  highest 
qualities  of  American  manhood;  they  have  shown  their 
readiness  to  discharge  their  highest  duties  as  citizens 
and  public  servants,  and  that  they  are  competent  to 
discharge  them  in  the  best  and  most  efficient  manner. 
To-night  we  lay  the  tribute  of  a  free  people  at  their 
feet.  They  will  be  crowned  with  laurels,  if  not  with 
coronets  j  their  names  will  be  written  on  the  records  of 
their  country's  glory,  if  not  upon  the  rolls  of  ancient 
knighthood.  And  theirs  is  a  higher  patent  of  a  truer 
nobility,  of  older  date  and  higher  sanction — to  alleviate 
the  sufferings,  to  soften  the  hardships,  to  decrease  the 
dangers,  and  increase  the  happiness  of  mankiiid.  This 
is  a  criterion  of  good,  and  to  do  good  is  noble.  No  cir- 
cumstance can  impeach,  no  power  disarm  it,  no  time  can 
dim  the  luster  of  its  glory.  Let  not  personal  feeling 
seek  to  depreciate  its  value,  nor  party  spirit  attempt 
to  confine  its  power.  Its  realm  cannot  be  held  within 
conventional  boundaries;  it  is  the  broad  domain  of 
human  feeling ;  its  throne  is  erected  within  that  great 
metropolis,  the  human  heart.    [Continued  applause.] 

The  chairman  at  this  point  stepped  to  the  edge  of  the 
platform  in  front  of  the  men  of  the  Relief  Expedition, 
and  said : 

Seamen  of  the  Relief  Expedition:  You  are 
deserving  of  all  commendation.    Your  commanding  of- 


53 

ficers  have  informed  me  that  you  have  each  and  all 
done  your  duty  with  faithfulness  and  without  insubor- 
dination. What  do  you  suppose  your  commanders 
would  have  done  without  you?  Again,  publicly,  I 
thank  you  for  your  good  and  successful  work.  Now 
would  you  like  to  have  General  Butler  close  this  meet- 
ing? [Cries  from  the  men  of  "Yes,  yes,"  and  cheers, 
during  which  General  Butler  took  the  stand.] 

GENERAL  BUTLER. 


General  Butler  spoke  as  follows : 

r  feel  first  of  all  that  I  owe  you  an  apology  for  being 
here,  and  I  have  but  one  or  two  words  to  offer.  I  have 
never  had  any  official  connection  with  the  Navy  Depart- 
ment, past,  present,  nor  shall  I  have,  for  aught  I  know, 
to  come.  [Laughter  and  applause.]  But  I  did  have, 
twenty-odd  years  ago,  a  good  deal  of  connection  with  the 
sailors  of  the  Navy  when  we  were  together  in  the  South- 
ern waters.  I  have  another  excuse.  I  have  a  right  to  be 
here.  [Applause.]  I  was  born  in  this  county  [great  ap- 
plause], among  the  hills  and  the  mountains,  where  the 
bare  rocks  used  to  meet  the  morning  sun.  From  the  top 
of  these  hills  I  could  look  into  the  bay  into  ich  your 
harbor  opens.  In  all  the  wanderings  of  a  life  more  or 
less  adventurous  and  very  much  varied,  like  the  Swisa 
boy  when  away  from  his  native  mountains  my  heart 
has  always  gone  back  to  the  hills,  the  men,  and  the 
women  of  New  Hampshire  as  to  my  own  hearthstone. 
[Applause.]  I  yield  to  no  man  in  the  measure  of  wel- 
come I  would  give  to  the  rescued  and  the  rescuers. 

But  what  is  the  use  of  an  expedition  to  the  North 
Pole!    The  old  northwest  passage  theory  is  exploded. 


m-^ 


54 


but  there  is  a  good  to  be  gained,  and  it  comes  frorri  this  r 
The  subjects  of  monarchy  hail  planted  the  Red  Oross  of 
SaintGeorge  farther  up  towards  the  Pole  than  any  other 
nation,  and  the  young  people,  the  free  American  citi- 
zens of  the  nation,  determined  to  plant  the  Stars  and 
Stripes  farther  on  still,  until  that  glorious  banner,  as  it 
waves  in  the  Arctic  seas,  will  be  mistaken  by  the  wan- 
dering Esquimaux  for  the  aurora  borealis.  [Great 
applause.]  To  have  achieved  that,  fellow-citizens,  was 
triumph  enough  to  have  sacrificed  many  lives.  Amer 
ica  is  first  in  prosperity,  in  military  power,  in  civiliza 
tion,  and  now  in  wealth  and  population.  An  admiring 
world  looks  on,  to  which  it  must  be  shown  that  she  is 
first  in  daring,  in  endurance,  and  in  courage.  And 
God  in  His  goodness  has  given  us  the  opportunity  ta 
show  ourselves  first  in  charity,  in  benevolence  and  care 
of  our  citizens  at  any  cost. 

But  there  is  one  who  has  contributed  to  this  expedi- 
tion who  has  been  overlooked.  With  our  vision  nearer 
home  we  forget.  I  know  I  of  all  men  on  e?irth  shall 
never  be  accused  of  any  special  love  for  England,  for 
my  grandfather  and  father  from  l^ew  Hampshire  fought 
the  red  coats.  [Applause.]  Yet  I  say  now,  all  thanks^ 
all  honor,  all  commendation  from  the  men  and  women 
of  America  to  Her  Majesty  the  Empress  of  India  and 
Queen  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,  for  her  thought 
for  Lieutenant  Greel  and  his  companions  in  their  ex- 
tremity. 

There  is  another  reason  why  we  should  seek  to  make 
ourselves  famous  in  Arctic  discovery.  I  do  not  hope  that 
any  expedition  will  be  sent  to  the  Antarctic  Ocean,  but 
I  have  interest  in  the  Arctic  sea  clear  up  to  the  North 
Pole,  and  let  me  say  here,  now,  that  in  my  judgment  it 


55 

is  very  easy  with  sufficient  men  and  sufficient  money — 
and  we  have  ^ot  both — to  'each  the  >iorth  Pole  without 
losing  any  lives.  We  have  been  told  by  the  Chief  Signal 
Officer  that  it  has  been  demonstrated  that  men  can  live 
healthfully  at  the  North  Pole  or  near  it  in  the  severest 
cold,  provided  they  have  sufficient  clothing  and  whole- 
some food. 

The  great  Arctic  explorer,  Dr.  Kane,  went  through 
all  his  terrible  experience  with  only  one  lung,  and  they 
brought  him  home  and  sent  him  to  Cuba,  where  he  could 
have  a  milder  climate  and  get  well,  and  hed'Ld  in  three 
months.    Lieutenant  Greely  got  within  about  400  miles 
of  the  Pole.    Suppose  his  expedition  had  been  organized 
with  sufficient  men  to  make  a  depot  every  10  miles  and 
keep  the  roads  open  between  them.    If  they  only  got 
along  at  the  rate  of  10  miles  a  week,  in  40  weeks  they 
would  have  got  there.    The  difficulty  is  we  organize  our 
expeditions  only  to  be  gone  a  certain  length  of  time, 
instead  of  organizing  them  to  go  there  and  stay.    If  we 
do  not  see  this  end  accomplished,  our  children  or  our 
children's  children  will  see  the  North  Pole  belonging  to 
us  [tremendous  applause],  not  by  right  of  discovery 
alone,  but  because  we  shall  own  all  the  intervening 
territory  between  Portsmouth  and   there.     It  is  the 
manifest  dest'ny  of  this  country.     We,  the  English- 
speaking  race — no,  we  speak  better  than  that — the 
American-speaking  race,  with  a  country  filled  with  a 
population  made  up  by  the  mingling  of  all  the  best 
races  of  men  on  earth,  the  very  outcome  of  civiliza- 
tion— the  time  will  come,  in  our  children's  generation, 
if  not  in  ours,  when  our  northern  boundary  shall  be  at 
the  North  Pole,  and  our  southern  boundary  so  short 
that  we  can  fence  it  in  three  weeks.    [Laughter  and  ap- 
plause.] 


!■■•   ■■ 


.-.,' 


■'■'^^ 


56 

Now,  then,  a  word  about  the  Navy.  I  never  troubled 
myself  much  about  the  Navy.  I  have  seen  the  ships. 
They  will  decay  whether  they  are  wood  or  iron.  I  am 
not  anxious  that  many  should  be  built,  because  there 
are  continual  changes  in  naval  architecture,  which  might 
make  the  ship  of  to-day  totally  obsolete  as  a  ship  of  war 
in  three  years,  though  we  should  have  quite  a  number 
of  cruisers.  We  need  the  Navy,  too,  for  the  present  ta 
keep  the  boys  in  training  a  little  and  maintain  the  old 
spirit ;  to  keep  a  body  of  men  who  will  be  ready,  as  were 
Schley  and  his  comrades,  whenever  called  upon  to  brave 
a  lingering  death  of  starvation  and  freezing  in  the  line 
of  duty.    [Applause.] 

Now,  my  friends,  as  I  am  told  I  am  to  close  this  meet- 
ing, perhaps  I  may  as  well  close  it  with  a  benediction. 
Let  each  and  all  of  you  in  the  coming  day  teach  your 
children  first  to  read  all  the  history  of  the  deeds  of  the 
American  Navy  in  the  olden  and  the  present  time,  to 
teach  them  daring,  courage,  discipline,  and  perseverance 
in  well  doing.  Let  them  read  there  the  history  of  their 
country,  to  teach  them,  first,  its  power,  and  lastly,  the 
principles  of  its  Government,  that  the  people  rule  here 
as  they  ought  to  rule  here,  and  that  the  rule  of  the 
people  accomplishes  the  highest  results  of  any  Govern- 
ment on  earth.    [Great  applause.] 

At  the  conclusion  of  General  Butler's  speech  the  ex- 
ercises were  closed  by  a  benediction  spoken  by  Rev. 
John  A.  Goss. 


Early  on  the  following  morning  the  remains  of  Sergt. 
Win  field  S.  Jewell,  of  Lisbon,  N.  H.,  which  were  aboard 
the  Bear  when  the  relief  steamers  arrived  in  port,  were 
taken  out  and  brought  to  the  city  for  transmission  on 


57 

the  first  train  over  the  Concord  Railroad  to  his  late 
home,  services  having  been  held  at  the  navy-yard  at 
6.30  a.  m.  by  Rev.  Dr.T.  R.  Lambert.  Secretary  Chand- 
ler tendered  the  delegation  who  came  to  arrange  for  the 
removal  of  the  remains  every  assistance  in  his  power^ 
and  put  them  in  communication  with  Lieut.  Greely  and 
the  other  survivors,  from  whom  they  learned  many  de- 
tails of  his  Arctic  experience  and  last  hours,  and  recov- 
ery of  the  remains.  The  body  was  escorted  by  a  com- 
pany of  marines  and  eight  seamen  as  pallbearers.  Sec- 
retary Chandler  was  among  the  individuals  who  followed 
the  remains  to  the  depot,  where  they  were  given  in  charge 
of  relatives  and  friends  who  were  there  to  receive  them. 

On  the  same  morning  the  Arctic  fleet,  bound  for  New 
York,  sailed  out  of  the  harbor.  The  North  Atlantic 
squadron  soon  followed.  Strangers  departed  and  dec- 
orations were  removed  j  fanners  returned  to  thdir  fields, 
tradesmen  to  their  shops,  the  crowd  to  its  daily  work 
and  cares,  and  the  city  to  its  accustomed  quiet,  all  made 
richer  by  the  force  of  those  influences  which  commerce 
cannot  bring  from  over  the  seas,  or  industry  and  science 
wring  from  the  land;  something  the  vhistling  plow- 
boy  feels  as  he  drives  his  team,  the  sailor  and  the  sol- 
dier at  their  posts  of  duty  and  danger,  the  pioneer  en- 
countering the  wilderness,  and  youth  entering  the 
world's  strife — an  heroic  impulse,  which,  entering  a  na- 
tion's mind,  lifts  its  whole  life  to  a  loftier  plane  and 
breeds  the  spirit  of  which  heroes  are  born.  The  pageant 
is  past,  but  the  American,  upon  whatsoever  duty  sent, 
by  whatsoever  dtingers  surrounded,  through  the  power 
of  one  fine  example  of  ministerial  fidelity  will  feel  an 
increased  confidence  in  his  country's  protection  and  a 
more  devoted  loyalty  to  her  honor. 
4583 5 


'Cx 


i..-'-- 


58 

RECEPTION  OF  THE  BODIES  AT  NEW  YORK. 

The  ships  of  the  Eelief  Expedition  arrived  in  New 
York  Htirbor  on  the  morning  of  Augnst  8,  and  were 
sahited  with  twenty-one  guns  from  Castle  Williams. 
The  batteries  of  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  United  States 
Artillery,  commanded  by  Maj.  R.  H.  Jackson,  were  drawn 
up  on  the  wharf  at  Governor's  Island.  The  bodies 
were  immediately  transferred  from  tlie  ships  to  the 
steam-tug  Catalpa,  and  at  twenty  minutes  before  1 
o'clock  The  Catalpa  steamed  up  to  the  dock.  Com- 
mander Schley  came  on  shore,  and  formally  delivered 
the  bodies  to  the  authorities  of  the  War  Department, 
in  the  presence  of  Hon.  K.  T.  Lincoln,  Secretary  of 
War;  Lieut.  Gen.  P.  H.  Sheridan,  Maj.  Gen.  W.  S.  Han- 
cock, commanding  the  Division  of  the  Atlantic,  and  other 
distinguished  officers.  The  bodies  were  received  with 
appropriate  ceremonies,  placed  on  artillery  caissons,  and 
taken  to  the  hospital,  after  which  all  with  the  exce])tion 
of  two  were  forwarded  to  the  destinations  indicated  for 
them  by  friends  and  relatives.  On  the  9th  of  August 
the  remaining  two  bodies,  those  of  Privates  Roderick  R. 
Schneider,  Battery  A,  First  United  States  Artillery,  and 
Charles  B.  Henry,  Troop  E,  Fifth  Cavalry,  were  con- 
veyed to  Cypress  Hills  National  Cemeter^^,  the  former 
being  i)laced  in  the  receiving  vault  and  the  latter  in- 
terred. Tlie  body  of  Private  Schneider  was,  three  days 
later,  August  12,  delivered  on  board  the  North  German 
Lloyd  steamship  Ems  for  transportation  to  his  friends  at 
Chemnitz,  Saxony,  in  accordance  with  a  request  to  that 
effect. 


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